Effect of suction on the stagnation point flow of hybrid nanofluid toward a permeable and vertical Riga plate

Abstract

The application of appropriate wall mass suction (transpiration) has been reported as the key factor to generate steady solutions in the opposing flow (shrinking or opposing buoyancy). This study features the impact of the suction and mixed convection parameters in the stagnation point flow toward a permeable Riga plate. Due to the capability of hybrid nanofluids in enhancing the heat transfer performance, the combination of copper (Cu) and alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles are used, including water as the base fluid. It appears that the dual solutions are potential in this problem with the negligence of the suction parameter. However, this transpiration effect is efficient in delaying the separation process of the hybrid nanofluid flow and enhancing the heat transfer rate. The heat transfer rate augments with the addition of ϕ 2 and S. The increment of heat transfer rate is reported between 34% and 39% when 30% of the suction parameter ( S = 0.3 ) is applied. Besides, the addition of the mixed convection parameter from the opposing to assisting flow enlarges the velocity profile while reduces the temperature profile. The reduction of temperature distribution with an upsurge of suction, mixed convection, and EMHD parameters implies the operating heat transfer process.

Unsteady MHD Rear Stagnation-Point Flow of a Hybrid Nanofluid with Heat Generation/Absorption Effect

“…In his valuable study, the stability of the prepared nanofluids was determined by measuring the pH of the nanofluids and the nanofluid stability was found to diminish with increasing volume concentration. The values of 6.0 M = is used based on the work done by Turkyilmazoglu et al, [28] to ensure the existence of the dual solution while Pr 6.2 = is implemented so that the results are compatible with the water-based nanofluid [11][12].…”

“…In another study, Takabi and Salehi [8] found out that the use of hybrid nanofluid increases the heat transfer efficiency, resulting in improved cooling efficiency and lower heated surface temperature. Since then, the study of nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid has attracted interest from many researchers considering various effects [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17].…”

Unsteady stagnation point flow past a permeable stretching/shrinking Riga plate in Al2O3-Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid with thermal radiation

“…À0.1 # Z # À0.5 À 0.1 # « # À0 and 0.5 # d # 1.0 to guarantee that the provided solutions are consistent. As there is no specific experiment was conducted, the parameter values were chosen based on the values established by previous researchers to ensure the dual solutions' existence (Khashi'ie et al, 2020(Khashi'ie et al, , 2021Nasir et al, 2019). Furthermore, the selection of h 1 = 10 ensured that all numerical solutions were approaching asymptotic values accurately.…”

“…Nasir et al (2019) performed an analysis towards a stagnation point flow past a permeable Riga plate in a viscous fluid, while Hayat et al (2016) studied the boundary layer flow properties of nanofluid by varying the variable thickness in a Riga plate. Khashi'ie et al (2020Khashi'ie et al ( , 2021 are concerned with the suction effects on the stagnation point of hybrid nanofluid flow over a vertical Riga plate. Their studies demonstrated that the hybrid nanofluid surpasses the nanofluid in terms of thermal performance.…”

Axisymmetric Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Due to a Convectively Heated Stretching/Shrinking Disk

“…There is only a slight of difference between the numerical values using both correlations as discussed by Xu [10] and Khashi'ie et al, [11]. A detail comparison of the published papers with different types of correlations was initiated and discussed by Khashi'ie et al, [12]. The numerical exploration of dual solutions in hybrid nanofluid flow is not only limited to a flat plate surface, but also have been actively investigated for a thin needle, circular cylinder, disk, Riga plate and curved surface .…”