Effect of sulfonamide class of antibiotics on a bacterial consortium isolated from an anaerobic digester of a sewage treatment plant

Abstract

The effect of the sulfonamide class of antibiotics, namely, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP–SMX) on growth and metabolism of a bacterial consortium isolated from an anaerobic digester of a sewage treatment plant, was investigated. The bacterial consortium was exposed to various concentrations of TMP–SMX. The results indicated that there was no effect of TMP and SMX on the bacterial consortium in terms of bacterial growth and carbon and nitrate removal even at the highest concentration tested at 250 mg/L. The carbon removal was more than 90%, and the nitrate removal was more than 87% in all culture conditions. A pure culture was isolated and identified as Leuconostoc mesenteroides from the consortium, which was able to use TMP and SMX as the sole source of carbon for growth. This pure culture has the sul1 gene to show resistance to these antibiotics. This research could be used in the anaerobic digestion process to degrade various classes of sulfonamide antibiotics before the treated sludge is discharged into the environment to reduce the concentration of TMP and SMX.

Presence of multidrug resistant bacteria in Hurricane Ida overtop sediments in Southeast Louisiana, USA

“…This figure depicts a positive result for the following genes, sul1 and sul2 genes that are responsible for resistance to sulfonamide antibiotic and tetA gene is responsible for resistant to tetracycline. The sul1 and sul2 genes encode for enzymatic modifications against sulfonamide‐derived antibiotics (Naquin et al., 2020). These enzymatic modifications allow the bacterium to degrade or inactivate antibiotics via an enzyme pathway.…”

“…The presence of antibiotics, ARB, and ARGs in the local waters of southeast Louisiana was reported previously (Belding & Boopathy, 2018;Bird et al, 2019;Everage et al, 2014: Naquin et al, 2015Garcia et al, 2020: Grabert et al, 2018Naquin et al, 2020). Wastewater treatment plants are considered as an ideal habitat for the evolution and spread of antibiotic resistance (Everage et al, 2014;Naquin et al, 2015).…”

“…Genes for sulfonamide and tetracycline resistance adapted fromNaquin et al (2020) andBird et al (2019) ACC GGA AAC ATC GCT GCA R: TGA AGT TCC GCC GCA AGG CTC 163 67 sul2 F: TCC GGT GGA GGC CGG TAT CTG R: CGG GAA TGC CAT CTG CCT TGA 191 67 tetA F: GCT ACA TCC TGC TTG CCT TC R: CAT AGA TCG CCG TGA AGA GG 210 60 pipetting from the solids into triplicate samples of 2 ml Eppendorf microcentrifuge tubes. The samples were subsequently centrifuged in a second step at 20,000 rpm for 20 min.…”

Disposal of unused antibiotics as household waste: A social driver of antimicrobial resistance

“…The most common generic antibiotics include amoxicillin, doxycycline, floxacins, metronidazole, azithromycin, gentamycin, and cefixime. In India, almost all isolates of cholera were found to be resistant to the first line of drugs (Naquin et al., 2020), and ampicillin was on the top of the antibiotics list against which more than 50% of isolates showed resistance and it was followed by the group floxacin and tetracyclines (Gandra et al., 2017; Dubey et al. 2020).…”

Waste management and waste conversion technologies: An introduction

“…One of the important finding of this study was the fact that a preconcentration factor of ∼250 for atrazine was envisaged in this study. Another study investigated the degradation potential of antibiotics, wherein Naquin et al (2021) tested the effect of the sulfonamide class of antibiotics, namely, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) on the growth and metabolism of a bacterial consortium isolated from an anaerobic digester of a sewage treatment plant. According to the results achieved in this study, no significant difference in bacterial growth and carbon and nitrate removal between controlled cultures without antibiotics and cultures received various concentrations of TMX and SMX was observed.…”