Effect of sulfonating agent in the properties of styrene copolymers for PEMFC membranes

Francisco-Vieira, L.; Silva, Luciano da; Cuara, Edgar; Morales-Acosta, D.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.07.022

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In a study performed by Francisco-Vieira et al, increasing the proton conductivity of the membrane was achieved by raising the DS from 7 to 40%. This was attributed to the high WU of the membrane at a higher DS value.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, excessively high DS values can cause the membrane to swell more, which undermines its mechanical and chemical stability, and results in poor performance in a PEM. 147 In a study performed by Francisco-Vieira et al, 148 increasing the proton conductivity of the membrane was achieved by raising the DS from 7 to 40%. This was attributed to the high WU of the membrane at a higher DS value.…”

Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

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A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

Kamal,

Jaafar,

Khan

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Due to rising energy demand and global warming, the world is shifting from nonrenewable energy to renewable sources, such as fuel cells (FCs), due to their high energy conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness. A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an environmentally friendly and efficient FC. It converts the chemical energy stored in hydrogen fuel into electrical energy. A polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) is a core element of the membrane electrode assembly (MEA). It transfers a proton from the anode to cathode, restricts electron flow across the membrane surface, and prevents reactant mixing. Sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)-based membranes are effective PEMs as compared to commonly used Nafion membranes due to their excellent chemical, thermal, and mechanical stability as well as cost-effectiveness. However, it suffers from poor proton conductivity. Normally, the proton conductivity of SPEEK can be improved by enhancing the degree of sulfonation (DS) and temperature and reducing the relative humidity (RH). However, the high DS of SPEEK and temperature with low RH tend to reduce the mechanical strength of PEM, which consequently sacrifices the membrane's lifetime. Therefore, the design of efficient SPEEK PEMs requires further modifications to improve the proton conductivity and strength, which can simultaneously enhance single-cell performance and durability. Therefore, this article reviews the advancements and various strategies to achieve high-performance and long-lived SPEEK-based PEMs. First, the tuning of SPEEK was performed by varying the DS of SPEEK. Second, the progress of modifying SPEEK with inorganic nano additives and metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) was also discussed comprehensively. The review also summarizes the influence of electrically and magnetically aligned nanoparticles on FC performance and membrane durability. Thus, the present review paper can be used as a reference for controlling different parameters to develop both efficient and durable SPEEK-based PEMs that can potentially compete with Nafion-based membranes for FC applications.

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Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Affecting Speek Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

Kamal,

Jaafar,

Khan

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, intensive research on the development of polymeric proton-conducting membranes for fuel cells with commercial availability and high-performance characteristics (proton conductivity, chemical stability) in a wide temperature range (100–200 °C) continues. Of particular interest are proton-conducting membranes based on polymers with fluorinated and sulfonated styrene fragments [ 11 , 12 ]. However, the conductivity of such membranes decreases during long-term use due to a number of destructive processes, particularly acid leaching from the membrane volume, which limits the possibility of their practical use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proton-Conducting Polymeric Membranes Based on 1,2,4-Triazole

Прозорова

Pozdnyakov

2023

Membranes

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In this review, a comparative analysis of the literature and our own results obtained in the study of the physicochemical, dielectric, and proton-conducting properties of composite polymer materials based on 1H-1,2,4-triazole has been carried out. It has been established that 1H-1,2,4-triazole and homopolymers and copolymers of 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole are promising for the development of proton-conducting fuel cell membranes. They significantly improve the basic characteristics of electrolyte membranes, increase their film-forming ability, increase thermal stability up to 300–330 °C, increase the electrochemical stability region up to 3–4 V, promote high mechanical strength and morphological stability of membranes, and provide high ionic conductivity (up to 10−3–10−1 S/cm) under anhydrous conditions at temperatures above 100 °C. There is also an improvement in the solubility and a decrease in the glass transition temperature of polymers based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole, which facilitates the processing and formation of membrane films. The results obtained demonstrate the uniqueness of 1H-1,2,4-triazole and (co)polymers based on 1-vinyl-1,2,4-triazole and the promise of their use for the creation of heat-resistant plastic and electrochemically stable, mechanically strong proton-conducting membranes with high ionic conductivity under anhydrous conditions and at high temperatures.

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Construction of Continuous Proton Transport Channels via Anchoring Strong Proton Conductor on Graphene Oxide in Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone)

Lu,

Ai,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Journal of Polymer Science

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Constructing continuous proton transport channels in proton exchange membranes (PEMs) has been considered as an efficient strategy to improve proton conductivity. In this work, a water‐insoluble hybrid graphene oxide (HDGO) is prepared via the hydrothermal reaction between polydopamine‐coated graphene oxide (DGO) and a strong proton conductor phosphotungstic acid (HPW), in which HPW is chemically bonded onto DGO. The two‐dimensional structure of DGO and the strong acidity of HPW favor the rapid proton transport in the sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) membranes. As compared to that of the SPEEK control membrane, the proton conductivity of the SPEEK composite membrane containing 6 wt% HDGO increases from 0.035 to 0.061 S cm−1 at 25°C, an increase of ~75%. The composite membrane containing 10 wt% HDGO exhibits ~49% lower area swelling ratio than the SPEEK control membrane. Meanwhile, the proton conductivity of the composite membrane remains stable during the 1440 h immersing in liquid water.

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Effect of sulfonating agent in the properties of styrene copolymers for PEMFC membranes

Cited by 4 publications

References 31 publications

A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

A Critical Review of the Advancement Approach and Strategy in SPEEK-Based Polymer Electrolyte Membrane for Hydrogen Fuel Cell Application

Proton-Conducting Polymeric Membranes Based on 1,2,4-Triazole

Construction of Continuous Proton Transport Channels via Anchoring Strong Proton Conductor on Graphene Oxide in Sulfonated Poly (Ether Ether Ketone)

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