Effect of sulfur additions on the yield and elemental composition of canola and spring wheat<sup>1</sup>

Warman, P. R.; Sampson, H. G.

doi:10.1080/01904169409364849

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…S can be limiting in the environment and strongly influence ecosystem composition. Depriving plants of S can result in stunted plant growth and reduced seed quality and yields, and limit plant productivity in certain agricultural settings Maples 1986, 1987;Warman and Sampson 1994). In recent history, many soils have accumulated high S levels as a result of either the administration of fertilizers with excess SO 4 2) salts or exposure to pollutants present in acid rain (Cole and Johnson 1977;Johnson et al 1982;David et al 1988;MacDonald et al 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

et al. 2005

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During sulfur deprivation, the photosynthetic green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii develops a high-affinity sulfate uptake system and increases the expression of genes encoding proteins involved in sulfur assimilation. Although two regulatory elements, SAC1 and SAC3, have been shown to be required for normal acclimation of C. reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation, a number of other regulatory elements appear to also be involved. The molecular mechanisms by which these regulatory elements function are largely unknown. This manuscript presents our current knowledge of sulfur deprivation responses and the regulation of these responses in C. reinhardtii. In addition, we present preliminary results of a sub-saturation screen for novel sulfur acclimation mutants of C. reinhardtii. A speculative model, incorporating the activities of established regulatory elements with putative novel components of the signal transduction pathway(s) is discussed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

et al. 2005

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“…Agricultural crops vary widely with respect to their tolerance to low external solution S and different crops may have different critical tissue S concentration (Hitsuda et al, 2005). The effects of S on timothy have been studied in container experiments (Warman and Sampson, 1994a, 1994b); however, results cannot be easily extrapolated to dykeland field systems. Gypsum is an inexpensive source of S and Ca with large deposits available in Nova Scotia.…”

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confidence: 99%

Compost, Manure, and Gypsum Application to Timothy/Red Clover Forage

et al. 2006

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Some of the most fertile agricultural land in Atlantic Canada includes dykelands, which were developed from rich salt marshes along the Bay of Fundy through the construction of dykes. A 2-yr field experiment was conducted on dykeland soil to evaluate the effect of fertility treatments: source-separated municipal solid waste (SS-MSW) compost, solid manure, commercial fertilizer, and gypsum on (1) timothy/red clover forage productivity, (2) N, S, and other nutrients uptake, and (3) residual NO(3)-N and NH(4)-N in the soil profile. All fertility treatments increased dry matter yields from the two cuts each year relative to the control. Residual soil NO(3)-N and NH(4)-N concentrations in the fall of the second year decreased with depth, and beyond 20-cm depth were lower than 1 mg kg(-1). Gypsum application equivalent to 40 kg S ha(-1) increased dry matter yields and N uptake by forage, and increased soil Mehlich 3-extractable S, tissue S, and uptake of S, Ca, P, Cu, Fe, and Mn relative to the control. High rates of compost can provide sufficient N, S, and perhaps other nutrients to a perennial forage system under the cool wet climate of Atlantic Canada with no heavy metal enrichment of forage. However, the chemical N provided greater total N uptake than organic sources, except the high rate of compost, suggesting that the N availability from organic sources was not well synchronized with forage N demand. Municipal solid waste compost may also increase soil and forage tissue Na, which might be of concern.

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“…It may also limit plant productivity in certain agricultural settings (27,28,57), which can result in reduced quality and yields of seeds, and upon severe S limitation, the growth of the plant may be stunted. We have used the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to identify and elucidate S limitation responses.…”

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confidence: 99%

Insights into the Survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Sulfur Starvation Based on Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression

et al. 2004

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Responses of photosynthetic organisms to sulfur starvation include (i) increasing the capacity of the cell for transporting and/or assimilating exogenous sulfate, (ii) restructuring cellular features to conserve sulfur resources, and (iii) modulating metabolic processes and rates of cell growth and division. We used microarray analyses to obtain a genome-level view of changes in mRNA abundances in the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during sulfur starvation. The work confirms and extends upon previous findings showing that sulfur deprivation elicits changes in levels of transcripts for proteins that help scavenge sulfate and economize on the use of sulfur resources. Changes in levels of transcripts encoding members of the light-harvesting polypeptide family, such as LhcSR2, suggest restructuring of the photosynthetic apparatus during sulfur deprivation. There are also significant changes in levels of transcripts encoding enzymes involved in metabolic processes (e.g., carbon metabolism), intracellular proteolysis, and the amelioration of oxidative damage; a marked and sustained increase in mRNAs for a putative vanadium chloroperoxidase and a peroxiredoxin may help prolong survival of C. reinhardtii during sulfur deprivation. Furthermore, many of the sulfur stress-regulated transcripts (encoding polypeptides associated with sulfate uptake and assimilation, oxidative stress, and photosynthetic function) are not properly regulated in the sac1 mutant of C. reinhardtii, a strain that dies much more rapidly than parental cells during sulfur deprivation. Interestingly, sulfur stress elicits dramatic changes in levels of transcripts encoding putative chloroplast-localized chaperones in the sac1 mutant but not in the parental strain. These results suggest various strategies used by photosynthetic organisms during acclimation to nutrient-limited growth.Sulfur (S) is an essential element present in proteins, lipids, and various metabolites. It is critical for the association of metal ions to proteins (electron carriers and redox controllers) and is a component of metabolites that function in photoprotection (14, 29) and signal transduction (such as in symbiosis) (45). Because most organisms have limited S storage, their growth and development is dependent upon a continuous supply of this nutrient from the environment. The majority of accessible S in soil solutions is in the form of the SO 4 2Ϫ anion. However, in some cases the majority of soil SO 4 2Ϫ may not be readily available to the biota, since the SO 4 2Ϫ anion is often complexed with cations as insoluble salts that are tightly adsorbed onto the surface of soil particles or exists as a soluble anion that rapidly leaches through the soil matrix. Furthermore, a large proportion of soil SO 4 2Ϫ may be covalently bonded to organic molecules in the form of sulfate esters and sulfonates.The acquisition of SO 4 2Ϫ by plants and microorganisms is facilitated by specific transport systems. Following uptake, the anion is either used for the direct sulfation of compounds or...

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Effect of sulfur additions on the yield and elemental composition of canola and spring wheat¹

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

Compost, Manure, and Gypsum Application to Timothy/Red Clover Forage

Insights into the Survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Sulfur Starvation Based on Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression

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Effect of sulfur additions on the yield and elemental composition of canola and spring wheat1

Cited by 14 publications

References 12 publications

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

Insights into the acclimation of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii to sulfur deprivation

Compost, Manure, and Gypsum Application to Timothy/Red Clover Forage

Insights into the Survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii during Sulfur Starvation Based on Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression

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Effect of sulfur additions on the yield and elemental composition of canola and spring wheat¹