Effect of Sulfur-free and Aromatics-free Diesel Fuel on Vehicle Exhaust Emissions using Simultaneous PM and NOx Reduction System

Asanuma, Takamitsu; Hirota, Shinya; Yanaka, Mitsugi; Tsukasaki, Yukihiro; Tanaka, Toshiaki

doi:10.4271/2003-01-1865

Cited by 26 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…NO x and PM, however, were shown to increase with an increasing cetane number in both advanced and conventional diesel combustion. , The ignition quality of a fuel is inversely related to the aromatic content of a fuel. As such, NO, CO, THC, and PM are reported to be sensitive to changes in aromatics. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As such, NO, CO, THC, and PM are reported to be sensitive to changes in aromatics. 17,18 Fujimoto et al have shown in both a light duty diesel engine and a rapid compression and expansion machine that increasing the molar fraction of high volatility fuel will increase emissions of HC and decrease soot. 19 This same observation was made in work by Nishiumi et al in which aromatic free fuel was shown to further reduce PM emissions.…”

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advanced Diesel Combustion of a High Cetane Number Fuel with Low Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

Lilik

Boehman

2011

Energy Fuels

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Advanced diesel combustion is of great interest due to its promise of simultaneously reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) and particulate matter (PM), while maintaining or improving efficiency. However, the extended ignition delay along with the combustion of a partially premixed charge results in excessive emissions from incomplete combustion, specifically total hydrocarbons (THC) and carbon monoxide (CO). In this study, a light-duty turbodiesel engine was operated in an advanced diesel combustion mode, specifically high efficiency clean combustion (HECC), using three different fuels including a conventional ultralow sulfur diesel fuel (diesel), a synthetic fuel produced in a high temperature Fischer−Tropsch (HTFT) process, and a synthetic fuel produced in a low temperature Fischer−Tropsch (LTFT) process. Start of injection (SOI) timing was swept from −8° ATDC to 0° ATDC to find the optimized injection timing for each fuel. The HTFT fuel, which had a derived cetane number (DCN) of 51, was found to decrease THC and CO emission by 32% and 31%, respectively, compared to the diesel fuel which had a DCN of 45. The higher ignition quality of the HTFT fuel was found to reduce emission from incomplete combustion by presumably consuming more of the fuel charge before it reached a region of the cylinder where it was too lean to effectively burn. However, with the HTFT fuel, NO x and PM emissions increased relative to the diesel baseline due to a higher peak heat release rate, presumably caused by 2% less EGR during the HTFT fuel’s operation. In contrast, the LTFT fuel with a DCN of 81 enabled an 80% reduction in THC emissions and a 74% reduction in CO emissions compared to the diesel fuel. The LTFT fuel, though having a very short ignition delay, did not increase NO x and PM emissions apparently due to the fuel burning in a shorter, less intense premixed combustion phase followed by a prominent mixing controlled combustion phase. This study revealed that a high ignition quality (DCN 81) fuel is well suited for operation under a high EGR advanced diesel mode and led to reductions in all primary pollutant emissions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ' Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Diesel Combustion of a High Cetane Number Fuel with Low Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

Lilik

Boehman

2011

Energy Fuels

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“…Toyota developed a diesel particulate-NO x reduction system (DPNR Ò ) by coating NO x storage reduction catalyst on a fine porous ceramic filter for simultaneous and continuous reduction of PM and NO x with sulfur-free fuel. [10][11][12] The technology was put into production for Light duty vehicle (LDV) in the European market in September 2003. 12 Tsinoglou et al 13 proved the feasibility of integrating SCR catalyst into the DPF wall using a simulation platform with multi-dimensional models of the aftertreatment components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the literature of selective catalytic reduction catalysts integrated into diesel particulate filters

Song

Johnson

Naber

2014

International Journal of Engine Research

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Combining the functions of selective catalytic reduction with the diesel particulate filter provides the opportunity in light- to heavy-duty applications for design and packaging flexibility, improved thermal management and reduction of the aftertreatment system volume, mass and cost. This integration can be achieved by washcoating the selective catalytic reduction catalyst on and/or in the diesel particulate filter substrate wall. With packaging flexibility and closer placement of the selective catalytic reduction system to the engine, the aftertreatment system can achieve faster light-off and can operate at higher temperatures. Despite these advantages, there are many challenges associated with the integrated selective catalytic reduction-in-diesel particulate filter technology. This review provides a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of the selective catalytic reduction-in-diesel particulate filter technology based on the published literature to date. It summarizes the significant accomplishments for selective catalytic reduction-in-diesel particulate filter technology research and development, including optimization and performance characterization studies based on experimental and modeling effort and the needs for future research and development.

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“…Filter channels are alternatively plugged to force the gas flow through the porous walls where particles are trapped. The structure of this substrate is optimized for particles to move into the substrate pores and the NO x storage catalyst component is coated not only on the substrate but also inside the pores . Soot is captured as the gas flows through the pores in the wall and is burned by the part of NO 2 which is not adsorbed in the NSR and excessive oxygen coming from the engine under lean conditions. , Millet et al investigated, at laboratory scale, the behavior of the DPNR in terms of reaction mechanisms involving CO, HC, NO x , O 2 , and soot.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and Treatment of Carbonyl Compounds and Fine Particles Emitted by Combustion of Biodiesels in a Generator

et al. 2012

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The main objectives of this study are the assessment of fine particles (PM2.5) and carbonyl compound emissions from an electrical generator fueled with biodiesels and the evaluation of the efficiency of a commercial 4-way catalytic converter toward these pollutants. Two different biodiesels were used: Soybean Oil fatty acid Methyl Esters (SOME) and Waste Cooking Oil fatty acid Ethyl Esters (WCOEE). Several biodiesel blends with petroleum diesel were tested (0%vol, 7%vol, 20%vol, and 50%vol). For all blends it was shown that particles are mainly composed of ultrafine particles with a diameter below 0.4 μm. The presence of a 4-way catalyst allows the reduction of the total number of particles emitted by at least 97%. However, the fraction of the smaller particles (PM0.1), which are particularly harmful to health, becomes predominant. The origin and concentration of biodiesel introduced in the fuel influence both the total number of emitted particles and their size distribution. The different behavior of the two biodiesels used in this study regarding particulate matter emissions is linked to the fuel properties. Interesting results are obtained from the measurement of carbonyl compounds emissions. This study reveals that the presence of biodiesel in the fuel has a major effect on acrolein, propanal, and acetone production. Moreover, it appears that the 4-way catalyst is not efficient toward carbonyl compound conversion.

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Effect of Sulfur-free and Aromatics-free Diesel Fuel on Vehicle Exhaust Emissions using Simultaneous PM and NOx Reduction System

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Advanced Diesel Combustion of a High Cetane Number Fuel with Low Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

Advanced Diesel Combustion of a High Cetane Number Fuel with Low Hydrocarbon and Carbon Monoxide Emissions

A review of the literature of selective catalytic reduction catalysts integrated into diesel particulate filters

Evaluation and Treatment of Carbonyl Compounds and Fine Particles Emitted by Combustion of Biodiesels in a Generator

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