“…The vast majority of the research studies in the literature investigated the effectiveness of summer science camps organized for students. These summer science camps were offered to students with several different purposes including, but not limited to, increasing students' interest and attitudes toward science (Sheridan, Szczepankiewicz, Mekelburg, & Schwabel, 2011;Vekli, 2013), attracting students to STEM careers (Bhattacharyya, Mead, & Nathaniel, 2011;Bischoff, Castendyk, Gallagher, Schaumloffel, & Labroo, 2008;Crombie, Walsh, & Trinneer, 2003), enhancing students' science content knowledge (Davis, 2014;Fields, 2009;Williams, Ma, Prejean, Ford, & Lai, 2007), supporting students for scientific literacy (Foster & Shiel-Rolle, 2011), and improving students' NOS conceptions (Antink-Meyer, Hirca, 2014;Liu & Lederman, 2002;. The aforementioned research studies reported the success of the short-term summer science camps to some extent in improving students' NOS conceptions.…”