Effect of Supplemental Protein on the Nutritive Value of High and Low Tannin Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Grain for the Growing Rat

Schaffert, R. E.; Oswalt, D L; Axtell, John D.

doi:10.2527/jas1974.393500x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…In the growth trial, pigs fed the high tannin sorghum diet (Ga615) had higher daily feed intake, similar gains, but poorer feed efficiency than pigs fed the low tannin sorghums. The increased consumption of the high tannin sorghum diet is consistent with previous work with pigs (Thrasher et al, 1975;Hammell and Johnson, 1976), chicks (Chang and Fuller, 1964;Damron et al, 1968) and rats (Jambunathan and Mertz, 1973;Schaffert et al, 1974;Featherston and Rogler, 1975). Similar gains have been reported for pigs fed high and low tannin sorghums Hammell and Johnson, 1976), but lower gains on high tannin sorghums have also been reported (Wallace et al, 1974;Thrasher et al, 1975).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…If NK300 had been fed instead of Ga615, feed efficiency might have been better with the high tannin sorghum diet, in view of the higher digestibilities of NK300. Comparisons among trials that have evaluated high tannin sorghums are complicated by differences in dietary protein level, because increased dietary protein has reduced the detrimental effect of tannins on animal performance (Glick and Joslyn, 1970a;Schaffert et al, 1974). Feed efficiency was 4% better with the corn diet than with the low tannin sorghumsl which is consistent with earlier reports (Tanksley, 1974) that low tannin sorghums have 94 to 96% the feeding value of corn.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The feeding of bird-resistant (high tannin) sorghums, versus nonbird-resistant (low tannin) sorghums, has depressed the performance of pigs (Wallace et al, 1974;Thrasher et al, 1975), chicks (Chang and Fuller, 1964;Damron et al, 1968;Rostagno et al, 1973a) and rats (Jambunathan and Mertz, 1973;Schaffert et al, 1974). Reduced apparent digestibilities of N and energy in high tannin sorghums have also been reported for these species (Featherston and Rogler, 1975 ;Nelson et al, 1975 ;Thrasher et al, 1975), with N digestibility being depressed more than energy digestibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Pigs Fed Sorghums Varying in Tannin Concentration

Cousins

Tanksley

Knabe

et al. 1981

Journal of Animal Science

101

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Four sorghums, ranging widely in tannin content, and yellow corn were evaluated in two 5 x 5 Latin square digestion trials and a growth trial. All grains were grown in the same field under similar conditions. The sorgums and their tannin contents (milligrams of catechin/100 mg of dry matter, as determined by a modified vanillin-HCl method) were: Ga615, 3.40; NK300, 3.17; TAM680, .83, and G766-W, .88. Diets were supplemented with casein to provide .70 and .60% lysine in digestion trials 1 and 2, respectively. In trial 1, conducted with noncannulated, 25-kg pigs, digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy and N averaged for the low tannin sorghums (TAM680 and G766-W) were higher (P greater than .01) than the corresponding digestibilities averaged for the high tannin sorghums (Ga615 and NK300). N balance data indicated that utilization of absorbed N was not reduced in pigs fed the high tannin sorghums. Corn and the low tannin sorghums had similar digestibilities. In trial 2, conducted with 50-kg pigs fitted with T-cannulas at the terminal ileum, digestibilities of dry matter, gross energy, N and all amino acids again averaged higher (P greater than .01) for the low tannin sorghums than for the high tannin sorghums, whether measured at the end of the small intestine or over the total digestive tract. The one exception was methionine digestibilities at the terminal ileum, which did not differ between the high and low tannin sorghums. Among the amino acids, digestibilities of glycine, proline and histidine appeared to be the most depressed in the high tannin sorghums, as compared to the low tannin sorghums. Digestibilities of most nutrients were higher for NK300 than Ga615, suggesting a difference in type of tannin, or other compound, between grains. Corn and the low tannin sorghums, averaged together, had similar digestibilities for most nutrients. In the growth trial, 10 pigs, individually fed form 20 to 94 kg, received grain-soybean meal diets based on each grain except NK300. Gains were not affected by diet, but feed consumption was 9% higher (P greater than.05) and feed efficiency 10% (P greater than .01) poorer for pigs fed Ga615 than for those fed low tannin sorghums. Performance was similar (P greater than .10) for animals fed the low tannin sorghums and those fed corn.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Pigs Fed Sorghums Varying in Tannin Concentration

Cousins

Tanksley

Knabe

et al. 1981

Journal of Animal Science

101

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“…The growth-depressing effect of tannins can also be alleviated by increasing the level of proteins in the diet. The supplementary proteins, such as gelatin, serve as tannin-binding agents and not as a source of amino acids (Rogler et al, 1985;Schaffert et al, 1974). Weight gain and feed-to-weight ratio can be significantly improved by adding tannin-binding polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone to the diet (Armstrong et al, 1973;.…”

Section: Remedies For Antinutritional Effects Of Food Phenolicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolics in Food and Nutraceuticals

Shahidi¹,

Naczk

2003

618

426

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has reached the highest academic level, university research professor, in the department of biochemistry at Memorial University of Newfoundland (MUN). He is also cross-appointed to the department of biology, ocean sciences centre and the aquaculture program at MUN. Dr. Shahidi is the author of nearly 500 research papers and book chapters and has authored or edited over 30 books and made over 300 presentations at scientific conferences. His research contributions have led to several industrial developments around the globe. Dr. Shahidi's current research interests include different areas of nutraceuticals and functional foods as well as marine foods and natural antioxidants.Dr. Shahidi serves as the editor-in-chief of the Journal of Food Lipids and is an editorial board member of

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“…Douglas et al (1993), reported that increasing the tanning level in the diet linearly depressed weight gains of turkeys and increased their feed conversion efficiencies. Experiments with rats (Schaffert et al, 1974), pig (Wahome et al, 1992) and broilers (Mbugua, 1995) have also highlighted the inferiority of brown sorghum on weight gain and feed conversion efficiency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) as Replacent for Maize in the Diet of Growing Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

Muriu¹,

Njoka-Njiru²,

Tuitoek³

et al. 2002

Asian Australas. J. Anim. Sci

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Thirty six young New Zealand white rabbits were used in a randomised complete block (RCB) design with a 3×2 factorial treatment experiment to study the suitability of sorghum as substitute for maize in the diet of growing rabbits in Kenya. Six different diets were formulated to contain 35% of one of the three different types of grain (maize, white sorghum or brown sorghum) and one of the two different levels of crude protein (CP) 16 or 18.5% and fed to growing rabbits for a period of six weeks. The tannin content of the grains was 0.05, 0.52 and 5.6% chatechin equivalents for maize, white and brown sorghum respectively. Weaning weight at 35 days of age was used as the blocking criterion at the beginning of the experiment. Results of feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion efficiency, feed digestibility, as well as the blood parameters, indicated that white sorghum was not significantly different from maize. Animals fed on diets containing brown sorghum had a lower average daily gain (ADG) and a poorer feed conversion efficiency (FCE) (p<0.01) in comparison with those fed on diets containing maize or white sorghum. The 18.5% CP level gave a better FCE (p<0.05) compared with the 16% CP level. However, increasing the level of CP did not improve the utilisation of any of the grains. It was concluded that white sorghum could effectively substitute maize in the diet of growing rabbits. On the other hand, the use of brown sorghum in the diets of growing rabbits may compromise their growth rate. This may be due to the high concentration of tannins in the brown sorghum.

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Effect of Supplemental Protein on the Nutritive Value of High and Low Tannin Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench Grain for the Growing Rat

Cited by 16 publications

References 0 publications

Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Pigs Fed Sorghums Varying in Tannin Concentration

Nutrient Digestibility and Performance of Pigs Fed Sorghums Varying in Tannin Concentration

Phenolics in Food and Nutraceuticals

Evaluation of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) as Replacent for Maize in the Diet of Growing Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

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