Effect of supplementation of blue green alga (Spirulina) on outcome of pregnancy in rats

Kapoor, Rohit; Mehta, Usha

doi:10.1007/bf01088093

Cited by 26 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The present study indicates that pigs fed a diet supplemented with PPEs for 11 days showed an increase in plasma Fe concentration and in Fe and Cu liver concetration evaluated as a measurement of mineral bioavailability. Chlorella vulgaris fed to pregnant mice also resulted in increase of serum Fe concentration (Janczyk, 2005), as it has also been reported for feeding rats with Spirulina (Kapoor and Mehta, 1993). Vyas et al (2009) demonstrated also in humans that the daily serving of a lucerne leaf concentrate powder was as effective as a daily tablet of Fe (60 mg as FeSO 4 ) in the treatment of anaemia in Indian adolescent girls, suggesting a better bioavailability of Fe and/or a synergistic effect of other components of leaf concentrate, even though it contains a lower Fe concentration (5 mg Fe) (Vyas et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Effect of dietary natural supplements on immune response and mineral bioavailability in piglets after weaning

Ţăranu¹,

Marin²,

Untea³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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Plants and plant extracts (PPEs) have gained increasing interest as feed additives and possible replacing antibiotics for pig productions. The effects of dietary Chlorella vulgaris (1%), sodium alginate (0.1%), inulin (1.5%), and a mixture of essential oils (0.04%) supplements on immune response, and bioavailability of some micronutrients (iron − Fe, copper − Cu, manganese − Mn, and zinc − Zn) were investigated in weaned piglets in this study. The results showed that the concentration of IgG was increased in the plasma of pigs fed the PPEs supplemented diets being significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the case of dietary sodium alginate supplementation in comparison to the control (6.00 vs. 4.03 mg/ml). In liver, PPEs, especially inulin and essential oils, were able to modulate the level of cytokine production and mineral retention, resulting in higher liver concentration of IL-1β (125.4 and 88.9%), IL-8 (136.9 and 61.3%), TNF-a (296.6 and 121.6%), and IFN-γ (51.2 and 107.28%), Cu (71.31 ppm), and Fe (192.56 ppm) in comparison to the control. The results of this experiment indicate that natural supplements investigated herein, especially inulin, essential oils, and sodium alginate had the ability to potentiate both the immune function and mineral retention during the initial post weaning period.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Effect of dietary natural supplements on immune response and mineral bioavailability in piglets after weaning

Ţăranu¹,

Marin²,

Untea³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

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“…Supplementation of Spirulina in the diet at the doses much higher than any anticipated human consumption did not cause any signs of embryotoxic effects. In another study with rats [102], the effects of Spirulina alone or in combinations with other supplements on pregnancy were investigated. Maximal maternal weight gain was associated with Spirulina /wheat gluten diet whereas wheat gluten diet resulted in least weight gain.…”

Section: Safety Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

“…One case of hepatotoxicity was possibly associated with Spirulina intake [101], although the patient also took three other medications. A case of rhabdomyolysis was recently reported as a result of Spirulina intake [102]. Finally, an association of Spirulina consumption and development of a mixed immunoblistering disorder with characteristic features of bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus foliaceus was reported in an 82-year-old healthy woman [103].…”

Section: Safety Profilementioning

confidence: 99%

Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant, and Antiinflammatory Activities of Microalgae Spirulina

Deng

Chow

2010

Cardiovascular Therapeutics

377

229

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SUMMARYSpirulina is free-floating filamentous microalgae growing in alkaline water bodies. With its high nutritional value, Spirulina has been consumed as food for centuries in Central Africa. It is now widely used as nutraceutical food supplement worldwide. Recently, great attention and extensive studies have been devoted to evaluate its therapeutic benefits on an array of diseased conditions including hypercholesterolemia, hyperglycerolemia, cardiovascular diseases, inflammatory diseases, cancer, and viral infections. The cardiovascular benefits of Spirulina are primarily resulted from its hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory activities. Data from preclinical studies with various animal models consistently demonstrate the hypolipidemic activity of Spirulina. Although differences in study design, sample size, and patient conditions resulting in minor inconsistency in response to Spirulina supplementation, the findings from human clinical trials are largely consistent with the hypolipidemic effects of Spirulina observed in the preclinical studies. However, most of the human clinical trials are suffered with limited sample size and some with poor experimental design. The antioxidant and/or antiinflammatory activities of Spirulina were demonstrated in a large number of preclinical studies. However, a limited number of clinical trials have been carried out so far to confirm such activities in human. Currently, our understanding on the underlying mechanisms for Spirulina's activities, especially the hypolipidemic effect, is limited. Spirulina is generally considered safe for human consumption supported by its long history of use as food source and its favorable safety profile in animal studies. However, rare cases of side-effects in human have been reported. Quality control in the growth and process of Spirulina to avoid contamination is mandatory to guarantee the safety of Spirulina products.

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“…Spirulina is fast emerging as a whole answer to the varied demands due to its impressive nutrient composition which can be used for therapeutic uses (Venkataraman, 1998). The United Nations World Food Conference declared spirulina as "the best for tomorrow" and it is gaining popularity in recent years as a food supplement (Kapoor and Mehta, 1993). The spirulina ability as a potent anti-viral (Gustafson et al, 1989;Hayashi et al, 1993;Patterson et al, 1993;Hayashi et al, 1996;Shih et al, 2003), anti-cancer (Suda et al, 1986;Pang et al, 1988;Schwartz et al, 1988;Lisheng et al, 1991;Mathew et al, 1995;Ismail et al, 2009), hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic (Devi and Venkataraman, 1983;Becker et al, 1986;Nakaya et al, 1988;Iwate et al, 1990;Nagaoka et al, 2005;Colla et al, 2008), antidiabetic (Parikh et al, 2001;Muthuraman et al, 2009) and health improvement (Annapurna et al, 1991) agent is gaining attention as a nutraceutical and a source of potential pharmaceutical.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antilithiatic Influence of Spirulina on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Nephrolithiasis in Male Rats

Al-Attar¹

2010

American Journal of Biochemistry and Biotechnology

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Problem statement: Nephrolithiasis or renal stone disease remains a significant health problem in the adult population. Nephrolithiasis is a recurrent disorder prominent in males. It is significant medical and surgical problem because of incidence, recurrence and severe consequences. The present day medical management of nephrolithiasis is either costly or not without side effects. Invasive procedures for the treatment of nephrolithiasis may cause serious complications and they also impose a great load of costs to the healthcare system. Hence the search for antilithiatic drugs from natural sources has assumed greater importance. Approach: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antilithiatic activity of spirulina supplementation on ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis in male rats. Healthy male Wistar rats were used in the present study and were divided randomly into 4 groups. Rats of 1st group were served as normal control. Rats of 2nd group were received 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for three weeks and drinking tap water for the next three weeks. Rats of 3rd group were received 0.75% ethylene glycol in drinking water for three weeks and fed with spirulina solution (20 mg kg −1 body weight) for the next three weeks. Animals of 4th group were treated as 1st group for the first three weeks and fed with spirulina solution ate the same dose given to 3rd group for the last three weeks. After six weeks, serum levels of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN), uric acid, creatinine, Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were measured. Results: Statistically increases in the levels of sodium, chloride, BUN and ALT and a decrease in the level of calcium were noted in rats treated with ethylene glycol. Supplementation of spirulina for the last three weeks mostly recovered the rats from nephrolithiasis and completely from hepatotoxicity induced by ethylene glycol. Conclusion:This study suggested that spirulina is a safety and promising agent as a functional food for the management of nephrolithiasis induced by ethylene glycol and may be also by other chemical factors.

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Effect of supplementation of blue green alga (Spirulina) on outcome of pregnancy in rats

Cited by 26 publications

References 10 publications

Effect of dietary natural supplements on immune response and mineral bioavailability in piglets after weaning

Effect of dietary natural supplements on immune response and mineral bioavailability in piglets after weaning

Hypolipidemic, Antioxidant, and Antiinflammatory Activities of Microalgae Spirulina

Antilithiatic Influence of Spirulina on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Nephrolithiasis in Male Rats

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