Effect of surface acoustic waves on the viability, proliferation and differentiation of primary osteoblast-like cells

Abstract

Surface acoustic waves ͑SAWs͒ have been used as a rapid and efficient technique for driving microparticles into a three-dimensional scaffold matrix, raising the possibility that SAW may be effective in seeding live cells into scaffolds, that is, if the cells were able to survive the infusion process. Primary osteoblast-like cells were used to specifically address this issue: To investigate the effects of SAW on the cells' viability, proliferation, and differentiation. Fluorescence-labeled osteoblastlike cells were seeded into polycaprolactone scaffolds using the SAW method with a static method as a control. The cell distribution in the scaffold was assessed through image analysis. The cells were far more uniformly driven into the scaffold with the SAW method compared to the control, and the seeding process with SAW was also significantly faster: Cells were delivered into the scaffold in seconds compared to the hour-long process of static seeding. Over 80% of the osteoblastlike cells were found to be viable after being treated with SAW at 20 MHz for 10-30 s with an applied power of 380 mW over a wide range of cell suspension volumes ͑10-100 ᐉ͒ and cell densities ͑1000-8000 cells/ ᐉ͒. After determining the optimal cell seeding parameters, we further found that the treated cells offered the same functionality as untreated cells. Taken together, these results show that the SAW method has significant potential as a practical scaffold cell seeding method for tissue and orthopedic engineering.

Microscale acoustofluidics: Microfluidics driven via acoustics and ultrasonics

“…By doing so, the hours-long tedium of gravity-driven perfusion of stem cells into supporting scaffold structures for tissue engineering is reduced to a few seconds. In contrast to the rather direct and simple approach adopted by Yasuda et al (1997) a decade earlier, Li et al (2009) studied the functionality of stem cells exposed to 20 MHz SAW over an extended period to determine whether exposure to intense SAW radiation might leave such cells alive but 330mW, 10 5 particles/ml 330mW, 10 6 particles/ml 330mW, 10 7 particles/ml 510mW, 10 5 particles/ml 120mW, 10 5 particles/ml dysfunctional. They took fluorescence labeled osteoblast cells, and drove them into polycaprolactone porous scaffolds and found over 80% of the cells to be viable and functional: They were able to generate hydroxyapatite at the same rate as control samples of the cells not exposed to SAW.…”

Using laser Doppler vibrometry to measure capillary surface waves on fluid-fluid interfaces

“…Capillary waves in microfluidics contribute to a wide range of other phenomena, including particle rafting 20 and concentration, 21 that are physically curious and have engineering applications. 22,23 An attractive advantage of working at small scales is the ability to control the significance of gravity in the a͒ Author to whom correspondence should be addressed. URL: http://mnrl.monash.edu.…”

An integrated microfluidic array system for evaluating toxicity and teratogenicity of drugs on embryonic zebrafish developmental dynamics

“…7,8 To date, a number of biomedical application, such as cell-based investigation, in particular, cell cultivation and proliferation has been shown to great success relied on microfluidic chip. 9,10 Apart from cells, [11][12][13] embryos, [14][15][16][17][18] nematodes, [19][20][21][22] and tissues, 23,24 all have realized on-chip cultivation or manipulation. However, the microscale channels fail to easily handle the multicellular organism of large size, such as zebrafish embryos, which might obscure their promise of application in compound-related toxicity and teratogenicity assay.…”