Effect of surface contamination on results of plant analysis

Wytténbach, A.; Tobler, L.

doi:10.1080/00103629809369987

Cited by 36 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…It was not considered necessary to wash the foliage samples. Although the possibility of exogenous contamination of foliar samples for micronutrient analysis exists, especially regarding older age classes of needles of coniferous species (Wyttenbach and Tobler 1998), in our study any dust deposition would have been similar for all species at the same site. In addition, different solvents remove different amounts of nutrients from foliar samples, and no commonly accepted procedure for foliar sample washing exists (Leśniewicz et al 2002).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…The micronutrient requirements of Betula pendula Roth. seedlings have been extensively studied in a controlled environment (Göransson and McDonald 1993;Göransson 1993Göransson , 1994Göransson , 1998Göransson , 1999, but in general coniferous species, and Norway spruce in particular, have received much more attention than deciduous forest species (Madgwick et al 1990;Van Dijk and Bienfait 1993;Linder 1995;Braekke 1994;Nihlgård et al 1997;Wyttenbach and Tobler 1998;Thelin et al 1999;Schleppi et al 2000;Aphalo et al 2002). Bergmann (1992) gives the same optimum ranges of micronutrients for all deciduous forest trees, making no differentiation between species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Micronutrient levels in some temperate European tree species: a comparative field study

Hagen-Thorn

Stjernquist

2005

Trees

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Micronutrient concentrations in foliage and stemwood (including bark) of six European tree species (Betula pendula Roth., Quercus robur L., Fraxinus excelsior L., Fagus sylvatica L., Tilia cordata Mill. and Picea abies (L.) Karst.) planted on the same type of soil at six sites in three different countries were studied. Micronutrient concentrations in foliage were considerably higher than in stemwood for all elements and species studied, except for Fe in spruce. Interspecies comparisons revealed significant differences in concentrations both in foliar and stemwood biomass, as well as in stemwood:foliage nutrient ratios. Lime foliage showed a considerably higher concentration of B than all other species, while the stemwood concentration of this element was highest in ash. Mn concentration in both foliar and stemwood biomass of ash was extremely low compared with concentrations in other species. Birch stemwood showed nearly double the level of Zn in other species at all sites. Zn concentrations in the birch foliage were also higher than in other species, with the exception of the Lithuanian sites, which showed lower EDTA-extractable Zn concentrations in the soils. The concentration of Cu was lowest in spruce foliage, while Cu concentrations in stemwood were similar in all species. It was concluded that species-related differences in microelement nutrition must be taken into account when evaluating the nutrient status of common European forest tree species, and when using them as bio-indicators of the effects of environmental pollution.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Micronutrient levels in some temperate European tree species: a comparative field study

Hagen-Thorn

Stjernquist

2005

Trees

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“…All subsequent work was done with samples that contained one age class from a single tree. The fresh samples were washed with toluene/tetrahydrofuran (1:1), thereby removing the epicuticular wax and any aerosol adhering to the needle surface (Wyttenbach and Tobler 1998). The material removed from the needle surface was recovered by evaporation from the washing solution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentrations of Fe, Zn and Co in successive needle age classes of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]

Wytténbach¹,

Tobler²

2000

Trees

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The concentrations of Fe, Zn and Co were determined in up to five successive needle age classes in 54 individual Norway spruce trees from eight different sites (soil pH 3.1-7.7). Fe concentrations (12-25 µg in needles from the current year) were lower than most published values, due to the removal of surface contamination prior to analysis. Fe showed a significant positive correlation with Al. Successive needle age classes either had constant values or showed an increase for Fe concentrations; individual trees on a given site were rather uniform in their behaviour. Zn concentrations were 19-40 µg/g. On acid sites, they showed a positive correlation with total soil concentrations. The majority of trees showed decreasing Zn concentrations in successive needle age classes, but constant or increasing concentrations were also found; site homogeneity was less than with Fe. Co concentrations differed between trees on a neutral soil (12 ng/g) and on acid soils (41-174 ng/g). They showed a significant positive correlation with Mn needle concentrations. The changes of Co with needle age in most, but not all, trees were similar to those of Zn. The different changes of Fe, Zn and Co with needle age may be due to a different retranslocation. A modest retranslocation of Fe as opposed to a high retranslocation of Zn and Co (in most trees) is consistent with the observed behaviour.

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“…In most cases it is quite enough to carefully rinse plants after sampling. However, sometimes analysts may go too far in this respect and use very strong reagents to wash the plant samples (Wyttenbach et al 1994;Wyttenbach and Tobler 1998). As a result, cell walls of the plant may be destroyed and there will be no longer an ordinary plant, but the plant sample will represent something artificial.…”

Section: Element Analysismentioning

confidence: 96%

Multivariate statistical analysis of nutrients and trace elements in plants and soil from northwestern Russia

et al. 2009

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Results are summarized of several field and greenhouse experiments designed to estimate differences in the ability of some plant species to take up from soil essential nutrients and various trace elements and transfer them from roots to upper plant parts. Instrumental neutron activation analysis was used to determine concentrations of 22 elements in plant and soil samples. Correlation and principal component analysis were applied for interpreting a large volume of experimental results. In many cases there was no statistically significant positive correlation between element concentrations in soil and concentrations of these elements in plants. Moreover, relationships between elements were often different in soil and in different plant parts, thereby suggesting quite different element behaviours in soil and in plants. Our experimental results and data published in the literature revealed that macro-and trace element concentrations might serve as a specific indicator of plant taxonomy, thus allowing for differentiation of the plants in accordance with concentrations of certain elements in roots or in leaves. Short-term variations in concentrations of elements typical for different plant species and factors affecting these variations indicated that diurnal dynamics of plant element concentrations were regular and species-specific.

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Effect of surface contamination on results of plant analysis

Cited by 36 publications

References 17 publications

Micronutrient levels in some temperate European tree species: a comparative field study

Micronutrient levels in some temperate European tree species: a comparative field study

The concentrations of Fe, Zn and Co in successive needle age classes of Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.]

Multivariate statistical analysis of nutrients and trace elements in plants and soil from northwestern Russia

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