Effect of Surfactant Architecture on the Properties of Polystyrene−Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Simons, Ranya; Qiao, Greg G.; Powell, Clem E.; Bateman, Stuart

doi:10.1021/la904827d

Cited by 19 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…The two amounts of ion exchanged surfmers agree defining an intercalating range of each surfactant in the clay. The obtained results indicate that 59–73% (with Br ion) and 71.5–81.5% (without Br ion) of the available site (CEC) were exchanged which is comparable with the behavior of similar reactive surfactants towards mineral clays described in the literature …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This decrease trend of basal spacing has been already described for surfmer based nanocomposites. The growing styrene chain reacted with some surfmer molecules intercalated in clay gallery leading to a pinning of the clay layers and thus the reduction of basal spacing while maintaining the clay order …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The design of surfactant could also be a key parameter to achieve well exfoliated nanocomposites. In the past, Simon et al have described some structural parameters to take into account for this purpose: the location of ammonium head which should be adjacent to polymerizable group, the presence of the polymerizable group and the lengthening of the alkyl chain …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Synergistic effect of organoclay fillers based on fluorinated surfmers for preparation of polystyrene nanocomposites

Benbayer

Besbes

Givenchy

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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International audienceNovel fluorinated reactive surfactants were used for the organic modification of monmorillonite clays. These organoclays were used for the preparation of polystyrene−clay nanocomposites by in-situ free radical polymerization. Reference systems based on hydrocarbon homologous surfmer and nonpolymerizable surfactants were also used to deduce the effect of the fluorine moiety and the polymerizable function on the morphology and thermal stability of the prepared nanocomposites. Different structural parameters of the surfactants were investigated and modulated for the clay modification including: the nature of surfactant (surfmer/classical surfactant, fluorinated, or hydrocarbonated), the length of the fluorinated chain as well as the length of the hydrocarbon spacers linking the ammonium head to the fluorine chain or the polymerizable acrylic function. Wide angle-X-ray scattering (WAXD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and electronic microcopies (TEM and SEM) were used to establish a structure-morphology, thermal properties relationships, and to highlight the key parameters governing the exfoliation process

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Synergistic effect of organoclay fillers based on fluorinated surfmers for preparation of polystyrene nanocomposites

Benbayer

Besbes

Givenchy

et al. 2015

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…16 These observations were expected to apply for similarly designed MMT modifiers, which could be used to preparing better organic coverage of the platelets by in situ polymerization. Furthermore, the obtained platelet fillers may be melt-compounded with polymer matrix to improve material properties.…”

Section: Copolymer-modified Clay Plateletsmentioning

confidence: 93%

Preparation of organoclay, its copolymerization with MMA, and use to produce PVC nanocomposites

Huang

Ding

Zhang

et al. 2011

Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites

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Two quaternary ammonium compounds with polymerizable vinyl group were designed and synthesized for use as clay modifiers. Copolymerization of quaternary ammonium compounds modified MMT platelets with methyl methacrylate was studied under a range of different reaction conditions and two kinds of polymeric surfactant-modified MMTs were prepared. These polymeric surfactant-modified MMTs were introduced to produce a series of PVC/MMT composites by melt compounding. XRD, TEM, and TGA confirmed that the better organic coverage of the platelets and the bigger interlayer spacing could be obtained for the copolymer of long-chain quaternary ammonium compounds modified MMT and methyl methacrylate (PMMA-H-MMT). The platelet fillers with better organic coverage represented much more useful functional fillers than the conventional ammonium-treated fillers due to their potential to exfoliate to a greater extent when melt-compounded with the PVC matrices. The experiment proved that PMMA-H-MMT shows better performance in increasing thermal stability of PVC/MMT composites.

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“…Recent studies have focused on the processing of polymer nanocomposite materials in the hope of exploiting the unique properties of materials that are within the nano-sized regime. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] The key to achieve such performance is in the ability to exfoliate and disperse individual, high aspect ratio silicate platelets within the polymer matrix. [9][10][11] Montmorillonite (MMT), the most commonly used clay in such processes, causes the intercalation, exfoliation or formation of micro composite structures because it does not disperse well within the polymer matrix.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of processing and using different types of clay on the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of high-impact polystyrene nanocomposites

Isfahani

Mehrabzadeh

Morshedian

2012

Polym J

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High-impact polystyrene (HIPS) nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding two grades of organoclays (Cloisite 10A (C10A) and Cloisite 30B (C30B)) in a Haake internal mixer or a corotating twin screw extruder. The nanocomposites were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, small-angle X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, rheometer analysis and tensile and impact testing. The correlation between the morphological and the rheological properties of the nanocomposites was also investigated. As the exfoliation of the samples processed by the twin screw extruder was greater than the exfoliation of the samples processed by the Haake internal mixer, the extruded samples were of better quality than the samples subjected to internal mixing. Furthermore, the HIPS nanocomposite material that was prepared with C10A showed better mechanical properties and thermal stability than the HIPS nanocomposite material that was prepared with C30B. By increasing the clay content, it was observed that the zero shear viscosity increased, whereas the initial slope of the storage modulus g 0 ¼ @G 0 / @x ð Þ decreased. A high degree of clay dispersion was obtained for HIPS samples containing a concentration of 2 wt% C10A with an aspect ratio of 177.1, whereas the exfoliated nanocomposite material had an aspect ratio of approximately 300.

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Effect of Surfactant Architecture on the Properties of Polystyrene−Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Cited by 19 publications

References 47 publications

Synergistic effect of organoclay fillers based on fluorinated surfmers for preparation of polystyrene nanocomposites

Synergistic effect of organoclay fillers based on fluorinated surfmers for preparation of polystyrene nanocomposites

Preparation of organoclay, its copolymerization with MMA, and use to produce PVC nanocomposites

The effects of processing and using different types of clay on the mechanical, thermal and rheological properties of high-impact polystyrene nanocomposites

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