Rapid nucleation of tetrahydrofuran
(THF) hydrate is essential
for developing a THF hydrate-based cold storage technology. Earlier
works have hypothesized the role of aluminum complexes in initiating
the nucleation of clathrate hydrates using aluminum metal electrodes
and substrates. This study investigates if the nucleation promotional
effect of hydrate can be achieved using the aluminum salt, AlCl3, due to the formation of aluminum aqua complexes in water.
Metal chlorides NaCl and MgCl2 are also utilized to evaluate
the effect of cation type in initiating nucleation, i.e., the effect
of charge/radius ratio. The induction time is measured in a stirred
reactor at various subcoolings and concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.5,
1, and 2 wt %. The nucleation time is studied in two reactor configurations
based on the nature of salt introduction in the THF solution, i.e.,
salt premixed in solution and salt injected inside the solution. The
sudden rise in the reactor temperature due to hydrate formation is
used as an indicator of hydrate formation. Results indicate that AlCl3 promotes hydrate nucleation as AlCl3 reduces induction
time by 92.2% at 0.05 wt % concentration compared with water. Nearly
instantaneous nucleation is also achieved by directly injecting AlCl3. MgCl2 and NaCl do not show a similar effect on
induction time as AlCl3. The pH and Raman spectra measurements
with and without salts are carried out to explain the effect of cations
on the THF–water solution.