Effect of surfactants in synthesis of CsH2PO4 as protonic conductive membrane

Abstract

Cesium dihydrogen phosphate (CDP) powders were synthesized by cetyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB), polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene (F-68) and mixture of both surfactants F-68 : CTAB with two molar ratios 0⋅06 and 0⋅12 as surfactant solutions at room temperature. The synthesized CsH 2 PO 4 is characterized by ICP, XRD, TEM, SEM, FT-IR, BET and IS techniques. Based on the width of the (011) XRD diffraction peak and BET measurement, the average size of nanoparticles was ~ 10 nm in diameter, while the TEM images indicate smaller size than both techniques. The analysis reveals existence of P and Cs with mole ratio 1⋅02 ± 0⋅03 which is compatible to molar ratio CsH 2 PO 4 formula. The experimental results show that the conductivities increase in the order of CDP CTAB > CDP (F-68 : CTAB)0.12 > CDP (F-68:CTAB)0.06 > CDP F-68 . The sequence of increasing conductivity is in accordance with the ion exchange capacities of the samples that has direct proportional effect on the proton mobility of samples. Indeed CTAB as cationic surfactant shows the highest proton mobility in the as-obtained samples.

WITHDRAWN: Preparation, Characterization, and Stability of the (1-x) CsH2PO4 + xTiO2 Composite Electrolytes for Fuel Cells

“…Stretching P-OH and Bending P-O modes belong to 1300 cm − 1 to 800 cm − 1 . Cs-O and O-P-O belong to 800 cm − 1 to 400 cm − 1 [28]. The ABC structure of the stretching vibrations appears due to the Fermi resonance and observed for the ν(OH)-2791 cm − 1 , δ(OH)-2332 cm − 1 , and γ(OH)-1700 cm − 1 .…”

CONDUCTIVITY AND THERMAL STABILITY OF SOLID ACID COMPOSITES CsH2PO4/NaH2PO4/SiO2

“…The PO 2 stretching modes result in more intense bands compared to the P(OH) 2 stretching modes. The wavelength of PO 2 stretching modes are due to PO 2 symmetric and asymmetric stretching measured at 941 cm -1 and 1070 cm respectively [23]. The generated Cs … O-H bond is represented by the peaks within 300 cm -1 to 500 cm -1 region.…”

A review on synthesis and characterization of solid acid materials for fuel cell applications

“…8(a) indicated a peak at 490 cm À1 , which indicates a Cs … OeH bond [87]. This was followed by strong absorbance peaks between 900 and 1200 cm À1 due to the phosphate tetrahedral vibrations within the H 2 PO 4À anion, with peaks at approximately 940 cm À1 , 1070 cm À1 , 1140 cm À1 and 1185 cm À1 , which are comparable to the phosphate symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes of manganese dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate, Mn(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 $2H 2 O [88].…”

“…This was followed by strong absorbance peaks between 900 and 1200 cm À1 due to the phosphate tetrahedral vibrations within the H 2 PO 4À anion, with peaks at approximately 940 cm À1 , 1070 cm À1 , 1140 cm À1 and 1185 cm À1 , which are comparable to the phosphate symmetric and asymmetric stretching modes of manganese dihydrogen phosphate dehydrate, Mn(H 2 PO 4 ) 2 $2H 2 O [88]. Three wellseparated peaks for CDP were identified at 1650 cm À1 , 2300 cm À1 and 2650 cm À1 and assigned to the ABC bonds of OH [87].…”

“…(a) IR spectra for ambient temperature measurements of CsH 2 PO 4 synthesized with different surfactants[87]; (b) Components of an EEA for HTPEMFC; (c) A typical polarization curve of a fuel cell. Reproduced with permission[87].…”