“…There are many processes available for producing WO 3 nanostructures, such as sol-gel, [29,30] spin coating, [31] electrospinning, [32] chemical bath evaporation, [33] electrodeposition, [34,35] sputtering, [36] and solvothermal, whether by conventional heating or assisted by microwave radiation. [22,[37][38][39] The latter has the advantage of being a fast synthesis process completing reactions in a few minutes, despite allowing the precise control of temperature, pressure, time, and microwave power, and thus guaranteeing well-defined and uniform structures with high purity.…”