Effect of Synthesis Temperature on the Growth Iron-Filled Carbon Nanotubes as Evidenced by Structural, Micro-Raman, and Thermogravimetric Analyses

Abstract

Tubular structure and well dense of aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were formulated using two-stage catalytic chemical vapor deposition apparatus. In this experiment, aligned CNT was synthesized in the range of 700–900°C temperatures with increment rate of 50°C per sample. The aligned CNT properties were investigated via field emission scanning electron microscope, micro-Raman spectrometer and thermogravimetric analyzer. The experimental results showed that aligned CNT properties were highly dependent on synthesis temperature changes. The optimum temperature of higher crystallinity was observed at 800°C synthesis temperature. However, the highest yield of nanotubes (~99.99%) was obtained at 900°C synthesis temperature. Aligned CNT orientation was in a parallel form and packed together in orderly manner. The behaviors of aligned CNT will be discussed in detail in this paper.

Characterization and Comparison of Lidocaine-Tetracaine and Lidocaine-Camphor Eutectic Mixtures Based on Their Crystallization and Hydrogen-Bonding Abilities

“…However, we did not observe any significant weight loss for lidocaine at 130°C. Shamsudin et al performed TGA analysis on camphor oil and observed~50% weight loss at~145°C, which is similar to our observations (37). In an accelerated stability study on lidocaine-tetracaine cream, it was seen that lidocaine was more stable than tetracaine (38).…”

Protected catalyst growth of graphene and carbon nanotubes

“…The measured ID/IG ratio of 0.77 of the sample grown using the PrL is comparable to samples grown at a much higher temperature of 700 o C without PrL. [30,31] As the effective growth temperature is lower, any slight reduction in material quality represents a good trade off, along with additional benefits of the PrL. Lower structural quality (ID/IG: 1.0 -1.10) of the CNTs is achieved at low temperatures (375 o C) and improved quality (ID/IG: 0.77 -0.93) is achieved at higher temperatures, which is in agreement with previous studies.…”

“…Lower structural quality (ID/IG: 1.0 -1.10) of the CNTs is achieved at low temperatures (375 o C) and improved quality (ID/IG: 0.77 -0.93) is achieved at higher temperatures, which is in agreement with previous studies. [31,32] The intensity of the 2D peak ( Figure 4a) and hence the I2D/IG ( Figure 4b) ratio increases with increasing the thickness of the TiN based PrL. The 2D peak has been reported to be sensitive to the doping concentration in CNTs.…”

“…The ID/IG and ID/I2D ratios also decrease for higher growth temperatures, indicating better structural quality. [30,31]However, the overall quality of the CNTs, as judged by ID/IG and ID/I2D ratios, is slightly lower (ID/IG of 0.77) as compared with the CNTs grown without the PrL (ID/IG of 0.61). This is likely due to the additional energy required for the growth of CNTs to protrude through the TiN PrL.…”

Silicon-Based Anode of Lithium Ion Battery Made of Nano Silicon Flakes Partially Encapsulated by Silicon Dioxide

“…After oxidized silicon flakes were broken by ball milling into smaller pieces to expose the fresh silicon surface, we deposited CNTs and nanoscale carbons by thermal CVD using ferrocene and camphor as precursors. Ferrocene contains iron, which served as both an effective catalyst and a carbon source for the synthesis of CNT [ 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 ]. Camphor is an additional carbon source [ 43 ].…”