Effect of synthesis time and mode of stirring on physico-chemical and catalytic properties of ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts

Difference of ZSM-5 zeolites synthesized with various templates

“…Due to its unique channel structure, thermal stability, acidity, shape-selective property, ZSM-5 has been used as sorbents and catalysts, and applied to petrochemical processing, fine chemical production, liquid and gas separation [2,3]. Increasing attention has been devoted to the synthesis, the properties and applications of ZSM-5 zeolites.…”

“…Increasing attention has been devoted to the synthesis, the properties and applications of ZSM-5 zeolites. Many templates [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] have been reported for the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolites, such as tetrapropylamine bromide. The physicochemical properties of ZSM-5 zeolites are influenced by the compound used as template, the gel composition, the nature of the reagents and other factors.…”

Synthesis of Zeolite Beta and Zeolite ZSM-5 from High Silica Raw Kaolinite and Their Catalytic Etherification of Ethylene Glycol

“…Following that many research groups used TPA salts with TPA + cation acting as a template [9][10][11]. Synthesis of zeolite ZSM-5 with different SiO2/Al2O3 molar ratio from purified kaolinite [12][13][14][15], or from high silica raw kaolinite (SiO2/ Al 2 O 3 ratio = ~3) was reported [16].…”

Selective Cracking of Durene to Para-Dimethyl Benzene over ZSM-5 Zeolite

“…ZSM-5 has been used as sorbents as well as catalysts, in petrochemical, fine chemical production [19,20]. Recent years, as a heterogeneous catalyst, ZSM-5 has been employed to many organic reactions such as oxidation [21], hydroxylation [22], dehydrogenation [23], cracking [24,25] and so on.…”