Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the life cycle in lineages of Myzus persicae nicotianae and Myzus persicae s. str. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract

Abstract. Male production was examined in 70 Myzus persicae s.str and M. persicae nicotianae clonal lineages at 17°C and 10L : 14D. Sixty nine were characterised by a partial loss of sexuality (androcyclic producing few males, and intermediates producing some males and mating females), and one was found to be permanently parthenogenetic. High within and between lineage variation was detected. Most (81%) of the clonal lineages produced few males (0-5 males per parent) and only 6% had male production (10-16 males per parent) comparable to that (12-23 males per parent) of seven lineages with a sexual phase (holocyclic) which were examined under the same conditions. The length of prenatal exposure to 10L : 14D increased the production of males. Continuous rearing under 10L : 14D at 12°C adversely affected male production in another intermediate clonal lineage. Temperature was found to affect the production of sexuals and to modify the short day photoperiodic response. The production of males and mating females was higher at 12°C than at 17°C in most of the 20 aforementioned clonal lineages with a partial loss of sexuality. Six lineages were permanently parthenogenetic at 17°C, but two of them produced a few males and the other four a few males and mating females at 12°C. Seven lineages which produced a few males at 17°C, also produced some mating females at 12°C. Lastly, photoperiod similarly affected the production of sexuals in two of the aforementioned clonal lineages, one with a sexual phase and one intermediate, although the regimes for the peak of sexuals were different. In both lineages, however, males appeared in a 0.5-1 h shorter scotophase than mating females.

Changes in the genetic composition of Myzus persicae nicotianae populations in Chile and frequency of insecticide resistance mutations

“…This colour polymorphism has been observed throughout the geographic range of tobacco plantations in Chile, and the colour of aphids varies between plants, as each plant hosts a single colony (unpublished data). Similar patterns have been previously described in Greece (Margaritopoulos et al, 2000(Margaritopoulos et al, , 2002Zitoudi et al, 2001;Poupoulidou et al, 2006;Blackman et al, 2007), Italy (Margaritopoulos et al, 2003), Japan Takada, 2003, 2004;Margaritopoulos et al, 2007aMargaritopoulos et al, , 2007b and the USA (Harlow and Lampert, 1990;Clements et al, 2000aClements et al, , 2000bSrigiriraju et al, 2009), where higher genotype diversity of tobacco aphids has been observed (Zepeda-Paulo et al, 2010). The colour polymorphisms can be explained by the presence of new M. persicae nicotianae genotypes resulting from sexual reproduction events, as reported for M. persicae in Chile on peaches (Rubiano-Rodríguez et al, 2014, 2019Rubio-Meléndez et al, 2018) or by new introduction events from neighbouring countries.…”

Micro‐evolutionary change in relation to insecticide resistance in the peach–potato aphid,Myzus persicae

“…In M. persicae , individuals with successful genes and gene combinations can increase quickly through asexual clonal expansion. These clones can remain over many seasons as permanent asexual populations, but these will have little (functional parthenogens = facultative forms; see Appendix) or no ability (obligate parthenogens = anholocyclic forms) to contribute their successful genes to the gene pool (Blackman, 1971, 1972; Poupoulidou et al , 2006). Alternatively, successful holocyclic clones (i.e.…”