Effect of Temperature and Radiation on Indica Rice Yield and Quality in Middle Rice Cropping System

Abstract

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is cultivated in a wide range of climatic conditions, thereby inducing great variations in the rice growth, yield and quality. However, the comprehensive effects of temperature and solar radiation under different ecological regions on the rice growth, yield and quality are not well understood, especially in a middle rice cropping system. The rice growth, yield- and quality-related traits were investigated under different ecological regions. Among different areas, the days before the heading stage and after the heading stage of six cultivars ranged from 80 to 120 and from 30 to 50. The gaps of the grain yield, head rice rate, chalky grain rate and chalkiness level were about 1.2–52.4%, 1.0–3.0%, 2.7–12.7% and 0.3–4.5%, respectively. This study demonstrated that in these regions, temperature is a limiting factor compared with radiation. Moreover, the rice growth, yield and quality were closely associated with daily air (DT), maximum (MaT), minimum (MiT) and effective accumulated temperatures (EAT). An excellent rice growth, a high grain yield and an excellent quality could be achieved if the EAT was higher than 1592 °C·d and the MiT was lower than 23.1 °C before the heading stage, and if the DT, MiT and MaT were lower than 25.7 °C, 22.0 °C and 30 °C after the heading stage, respectively. These findings served as an important reference for optimizing cultivar selection for a specific area and determining suitable areas for a certain variety.

Global Sensitivity Analysis of the Advanced ORYZA-N Model with Different Rice Types and Irrigation Regimes

“…Radiation had a positive effect on rice growth and development, and high solar radiation interception by the rice canopy was closely related to high biomass production and grain yield [37,38]. In agreement with Tu et al (2022) [39], radiation was one of the most influential factors in rice growth. WST (d-f), LAI (g-i), and WSO (j-l) for early rice, late rice, and single-season rice under traditional flood irrigation and shallow-wet irrigation conditions.…”

“…For WRR14, FRPAR was the most important parameter, followed by single-season rice in cold regions has the role of maintaining soil temperature in the roo zone and sustaining crop growth during the growing season, controlled irrigatio regimes would affect the growth and yield formation of single-season rice in cold region at some degree, and the interaction effect among the parameters was higher than othe scenarios [11,39].…”

A Review: Growing Rice in the Controlled Environments

“…So, as climate change phenomena is more pronounce, rice productivity is also decreasing, requires a counter back mechanism. New verities with temperature tolerant characteristics are needed to maintain crop productivity and global rice supply 40 .…”

Shading at the Booting Stage Improved the Grain Quality of Hybrid Rice Due to Reduced Spikelet Production

“…High-quality rice usually has the characteristics of good appearance, a high head rice rate and excellent taste [2]. Rice quality and grain yield are easily affected not only by varieties, but also by climate, soil, cultivation techniques and other factors, among which solar radiation is one of the climatic factors that have great influence on the yield and quality of rice [3][4][5][6][7].…”