Effect of temperature of annealing below 900 °C on structure, properties and tool life of an AlTiN coating under various cutting conditions

Fox-Rabinovich, German; Endrino, José L.; Beake, Ben D.; Aguirre, Myriam H.; Veldhuis, Stephen C.; Quinto, Dennis T.; Bauer, C.E.; Ковалев, А. И.; Gray, A.

doi:10.1016/j.surfcoat.2007.10.034

Cited by 43 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…For applications such as these involving high temperature due to frictional heating the mechanical properties at the operating temperature are more relevant than those measured at room temperature. The post-deposition annealing of an Al0.67Ti0.33N (AlTiN) coating, deposited at approximately 600 C, for 2 hr in vacuum at 700-900 C has a dramatic effect on its high temperature mechanical properties [127,128]. Figure 39 shows the variation in high temperature hardness with annealing temperature.…”

Section: Tribochemical Interactions Between Indenter and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Nanomechanical Test Techniques

Beake¹,

Harris²,

Liskiewicz³

2015

Materials Characterization

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Section: Tribochemical Interactions Between Indenter and Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Nanomechanical Test Techniques

Beake¹,

Harris²,

Liskiewicz³

2015

Materials Characterization

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“…Therefore, the development of hard coatings was mostly focused on the improvement in their hardness [7,100,101] and thermal and oxidation stability [47,[102][103][104][105][106], as well as on the reduction of their thermal conductivity [47,95,[107][108][109]. A few categories of nanocomposite coatings are used most widely for cutting tools applications [2, 27, 89-93, 96, 110-112]: (i) designed as a combination of various compounds synthesized during coating deposition, such as TiN and AlTiN or AlCrN/Si 3 N 4 [47,113,114], as well as TiN/c-BN coatings [97,98,115]; (ii) formed as a result of annealing (for example of AlTiN coating with a high Al content of ∼ 65 at%) [2,[102][103][104][105][106]116]. Literature indicates the major drawbacks of hard coatings designed in this way.…”

Section: Nanocomposite Hard Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hierarchical adaptive nanostructured PVD coatings for extreme tribological applications: the quest for nonequilibrium states and emergent behavior

Fox-Rabinovich

Yamamoto

Beake

et al. 2012

Science and Technology of Advanced Materials

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Adaptive wear-resistant coatings produced by physical vapor deposition (PVD) are a relatively new generation of coatings which are attracting attention in the development of nanostructured materials for extreme tribological applications. An excellent example of such extreme operating conditions is high performance machining of hard-to-cut materials. The adaptive characteristics of such coatings develop fully during interaction with the severe environment. Modern adaptive coatings could be regarded as hierarchical surface-engineered nanostructural materials. They exhibit dynamic hierarchy on two major structural scales: (a) nanoscale surface layers of protective tribofilms generated during friction and (b) an underlying nano/microscaled layer. The tribofilms are responsible for some critical nanoscale effects that strongly impact the wear resistance of adaptive coatings. A new direction in nanomaterial research is discussed: compositional and microstructural optimization of the dynamically regenerating nanoscaled tribofilms on the surface of the adaptive coatings during friction. In this review we demonstrate the correlation between the microstructure, physical, chemical and micromechanical properties of hard coatings in their dynamic interaction (adaptation) with environment and the involvement of complex natural processes associated with self-organization during friction. Major physical, chemical and mechanical characteristics of the adaptive coating, which play a significant role in its operating properties, such as enhanced mass transfer, and the ability of the layer to provide dissipation and accumulation of frictional energy during operation are presented as well. Strategies for adaptive nanostructural coating Topical Review design that enhance beneficial natural processes are outlined. The coatings exhibit emergent behavior during operation when their improved features work as a whole. In this way, as higher-ordered systems, they achieve multifunctionality and high wear resistance under extreme tribological conditions.

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“…It can also be noted that in most of these works (see, for example, [14,15,[17][18][19][20]) the emphasis is placed on the phenomenon which, in other hard materials like tool steels, is defined as "secondary hardening", that is, the increase in hardness upon annealing. At temperatures ranging between 700 and 900°C, as showed in the case of AlTiN [18,19,21], chemical and physical transformations may result in secondary hardening, i.e., in an increase in initial room-temperature (RT) hardness (H RT in the following) from 22 to 25 GPa -a moderate but noticeable variation. Annealing at higher temperatures, on the other hand, leads to a substantial loss of H RT [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Annealing at higher temperatures, on the other hand, leads to a substantial loss of H RT [21]. Some of the above-mentioned studies directly measured high-temperature hardness (henceforth indicated as H hot ) [18][19][20]. These researches obviously provide an estimate of the mechanical properties which is different (and, in way, more appropriate to understand the high-temperature behavior) than H RT .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%