1Understanding the mechanical behaviour of arterial tissue is vital to the development and 2 analysis of medical devices targeting diseased vessels. During angioplasty and stenting, stress 3 softening and permanent deformation of the vessel wall occur during implantation of the 4 device, however little data exists on the inelastic behaviour of cardiovascular tissue and how 5 this varies through the arterial tree. The aim of this study was to characterise the magnitude 6 of stress softening and inelastic deformations due to loading throughout the arterial tree and 7 to investigate the anisotropic inelastic behaviour of the tissue. Cyclic compression tests were 8 used to investigate the differences in inelastic behaviour for carotid, aorta, femoral and 9 coronary arteries harvested from 3-4 month old female pigs, while the anisotropic behaviour 10 of aortic and carotid tissue was determined using cyclic tensile tests in the longitudinal and 11 circumferential directions. The differences in inelastic behaviour were correlated to the ratio 12 of collagen to elastin content of the arteries. It was found that larger inelastic deformations 13 occurred in muscular arteries (coronary), which had a higher collagen to elastin ratio than 14 elastic arteries (aorta), where the smallest inelastic deformations were observed. Lower 15 magnitude inelastic deformations were observed in the circumferential tensile direction than 16 in the longitudinal tensile direction or due to radial compression. This may be as a result of 17 non-fibrous matrix or smooth muscle in the artery becoming more easily damaged than the 18 collagen fibers during loading. Stress softening was also found to be dependent on artery