Effect of temperature on growth characteristics of Bacillus cereus TZ415

Choma, Caroline; Clavel, Thierry; Dominguez, Hélène; Razafindramboa, Njara; Soumille, Hugues; Nguyen-Thé, Christophe; Schmitt, Philippe

doi:10.1016/s0168-1605(00)00197-5

Cited by 53 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…Both bacteria grow faster at 33 than at 26°C. B. cereus grows best at 31°C, but it continues to grow well up to at least 38°C (Choma et al, 2000). S. marcescens grows well between 30 and 37°C (Tanaka et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some like it hot: the effects of climate change on reproduction, immune function and disease resistance in the cricketGryllus texensis

Adamo

Lovett

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

147

114

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SUMMARYIn many parts of the world, climate change is increasing the frequency and severity of heat waves. How do heat waves impact short-lived poikilotherms such as insects? In the cricket, Gryllus texensis, 6days of elevated temperatures (i.e. 7°C above the average field temperature and 5°C above their preferred temperature) resulted in increased egg laying, faster egg development and greater mass gain. The increased temperature also increased activity of phenoloxidase and lysozyme-like enzymes, two immune-related enzymes, and enhanced resistance to the Gram-negative bacterium Serratia marcescens. When given a sublethal S. marcescens infection, G. texensis maintained increased reproductive output at the elevated temperature (33°C). These data suggest that heat waves could result in more numerous, disease resistant, crickets. However, resistance to the Gram-positive bacterium, Bacillus cereus was lower at temperatures above or below the average field temperature (26°C). A sublethal infection with B. cereus reduced egg laying at all temperatures and suppressed the increase in egg laying induced by higher temperatures. These results suggest that for some species-pathogen interactions, increased temperatures can induce trade-offs between reproduction and disease resistance. This result may partly explain why G. texensis prefers temperatures lower than those that produce maximal reproductive output and enhanced immune function.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some like it hot: the effects of climate change on reproduction, immune function and disease resistance in the cricketGryllus texensis

Adamo

Lovett

2011

Journal of Experimental Biology

147

114

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“…The point at which the slope changes is designated the critical temperature (T critical ). The existence of T critical has been reported for eurypsychrophiles, mesophiles, and thermophiles (5,6,9,12,13,15,22,35). The lack of T critical reports for stenopsychrophiles is probably because their growth rates have not been systematically examined at sufficiently low temperatures.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The lack of T critical reports for stenopsychrophiles is probably because their growth rates have not been systematically examined at sufficiently low temperatures. It is hypothesized that T critical exists as a result of increased energy demands, the synthesis of stress proteins, and/or the use of alternate metabolic pathways at low temperatures (6,10,12).Understanding the basis of T critical is important because much of the earth's surface is permanently at or below 4°C and the microorganisms isolated from permanently cold ecosystems (e.g., sea ice, glacial ice, the deep sea, and permafrost) generally have T opt values much greater than in situ temperatures (T in situ ) (2,18,23,29,31). Furthermore, eurypsychrophiles are isolated more frequently from low-temperature environments than are stenopsychrophiles (29, 37).…”

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Relationship of Critical Temperature to Macromolecular Synthesis and Growth Yield in Psychrobacter cryopegella

Bakermans

Nealson

2004

J Bacteriol

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Most microorganisms isolated from low-temperature environments (below 4°C) are eury-, not steno-, psychrophiles. While psychrophiles maximize or maintain growth yield at low temperatures to compensate for low growth rate, the mechanisms involved remain unknown, as does the strategy used by eurypsychrophiles to survive wide ranges of temperatures that include subzero temperatures. Our studies involve the eurypsychrophilic bacterium Psychrobacter cryopegella, which was isolated from a briny water lens within Siberian permafrost, where the temperature is ؊12°C. P. cryopegella is capable of reproducing from ؊10 to 28°C, with its maximum growth rate at 22°C. We examined the temperature dependence of growth rate, growth yield, and macromolecular (DNA, RNA, and protein) synthesis rates for P. cryopegella. Below 22°C, the growth of P. cryopegella was separated into two domains at the critical temperature (T critical ‫؍‬ 4°C). RNA, protein, and DNA synthesis rates decreased exponentially with decreasing temperatures. Only the temperature dependence of the DNA synthesis rate changed at T critical . When normalized to growth rate, RNA and protein synthesis reached a minimum at T critical , while DNA synthesis remained constant over the entire temperature range. Growth yield peaked at about T critical and declined rapidly as temperature decreased further. Similar to some stenopsychrophiles, P. cryopegella maximized growth yield at low temperatures and did so by streamlining growth processes at T critical . Identifying the specific processes which result in T critical will be vital to understanding both low-temperature growth and growth over a wide range of temperatures.Evolutionary adaptation to low-or high-temperature conditions often leads to the commitment to exist only in those conditions (28). However, eurythermal organisms tolerate and grow at a wide range of temperatures while stenothermal organisms are restricted to a narrow range (3). Hence, a eurypsychrophilic bacterium would be capable of growing over a wide range of low temperatures, from Ϫ10 to 0°C at the lower limit to 20 to 30°C at the upper limit. One such eurypsychrophilic bacterium is Psychrobacter cryopegella, isolated from a low-temperature (Ϫ12°C), saltwater lens in Siberian permafrost (4). This bacterium displays its maximum growth rate (i.e., has an optimal growth temperature [T opt ]) at 22°C yet is able to reproduce at temperatures as low as Ϫ10°C and as high as 30°C.Of major concern to organisms living over a wide range of temperatures is the fact that reaction rates decrease exponentially as temperature decreases. This also holds for bacterial growth rates (essentially a collection of chemical reactions). However, when bacterial growth rate () is examined on an Arrhenius plot (log versus 1/T), two linear domains often appear below T opt . The point at which the slope changes is designated the critical temperature (T critical ). The existence of T critical has been reported for eurypsychrophiles, mesophiles, and thermophiles (5,6,9,12,13,15,22,35)....

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“…The spores formed by B. cereus generally will resist treatments used to prolong the shelf life of food. Viable spores present in a food product may germinate, and the vegetative cells can subsequently grow if conditions are favorable, leading to spoilage of the food product (9,14,18). Several growth-limiting factors, collectively referred to as hurdles, can be used to ensure food stability and safety.…”

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Comparing Nonsynergy Gamma Models and Interaction Models To Predict Growth of Emetic Bacillus cereus for Combinations of pH and Water Activity Values

Biesta-Peters

Reij

Zwietering

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

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This research aims to test the absence (gamma hypothesis) or occurrence of synergy between two growth-limiting factors, i.e., pH and water activity (a w ), using a systematic approach for model selection. In this approach, preset criteria were used to evaluate the performance of models. Such a systematic approach is required to be confident in the correctness of the individual components of the combined (synergy) models. With Bacillus cereus F4810/72 as the test organism, estimated growth boundaries for the a w -lowering solutes NaCl, KCl, and glucose were 1.13 M, 1.13 M, and 1.68 M, respectively. The accompanying a w values were 0.954, 0.956, and 0.961, respectively, indicating that equal a w values result in similar effects on growth. Out of the 12 models evaluated using the preset criteria, the model of J. H. T. Luong (Biotechnol. Bioeng. 27:280-285, 1985) was the best model to describe the effect of a w on growth. This a w model and the previously selected pH model were combined into a gamma model and into two synergy models. None of the three models was able to describe the combined pH and a w conditions sufficiently well to satisfy the preset criteria. The best matches between predicted and experimental data were obtained with the No combination of models that was able to predict the impact of both individual and combined hurdles correctly could be found. Consequently, in this case we could not prove the existence of synergy nor falsify the gamma hypothesis.The microorganism Bacillus cereus is associated with food spoilage as well as food poisoning (1, 34). The spores formed by B. cereus generally will resist treatments used to prolong the shelf life of food. Viable spores present in a food product may germinate, and the vegetative cells can subsequently grow if conditions are favorable, leading to spoilage of the food product (9, 14, 18). Several growth-limiting factors, collectively referred to as hurdles, can be used to ensure food stability and safety. Examples of such hurdles are low pH, low water activity (a w ), and low temperature (12). Combining hurdles to achieve food stability and safety, known as hurdle technology, can be used to achieve an overall level of protection in food while minimizing detrimental impacts on food quality (19).Improved quantification of the combined impact of hurdles on growth of microorganisms is an ongoing endeavor, but there are different views of how antimicrobial factors combine. One view is that there are interactive effects between hurdles. When combinations of hurdles are used, they might give significantly greater protection than expected on the basis of the application of the individual hurdles, so called synergy (19). The other view follows the gamma hypothesis (39) in which there is no synergy, but inhibitory environmental factors combine in a multiplicative manner to produce the observed overall microbial inhibition. Evidently, it is important in the selection of hurdles to know whether either the gamma hypothesis is valid or synergy occurs between factors. A...

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Effect of temperature on growth characteristics of Bacillus cereus TZ415

Cited by 53 publications

References 7 publications

Some like it hot: the effects of climate change on reproduction, immune function and disease resistance in the cricketGryllus texensis

Some like it hot: the effects of climate change on reproduction, immune function and disease resistance in the cricketGryllus texensis

Relationship of Critical Temperature to Macromolecular Synthesis and Growth Yield in Psychrobacter cryopegella

Comparing Nonsynergy Gamma Models and Interaction Models To Predict Growth of Emetic Bacillus cereus for Combinations of pH and Water Activity Values

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