Effect of temperature on the size of Escherichia coli cells

Shehata, T. E.; Marr, Allen G.

doi:10.1128/jb.124.2.857-862.1975

Cited by 36 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…per LacI.different growth conditions at different levels of ATC induction. In agreement with the literature(1,20,28) our measurement reveals a strong linear dependence of the cell volume on the choice of carbon source, but no significant dependence on temperature [Fig. 3(A) and (B)].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Physiological Adaptability and Parametric Versatility in a Simple Genetic Circuit

Chure

Kaczmarek

Phillips

2019

Preprint

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The intimate relationship between the environment and cellular growth rate has remained a major topic of inquiry in bacterial physiology for over a century. Now, as it becomes possible to understand how the growth rate dictates the wholesale reorganization of the intracellular molecular composition, we can interrogate the biophysical principles underlying this adaptive response. Regulation of gene expression drives this adaptation, with changes in growth rate tied to the activation or repression of genes covering enormous swaths of the genome. Here, we dissect how physiological perturbations alter the expression of a circuit which has been extensively characterized in a single physiological state. Given a complete thermodynamic model, we map changes in physiology directly to the biophysical parameters which define the expression. Controlling the growth rate via modulating the available carbon source or growth temperature, we measure the level of gene expression from a LacI-regulated promoter where the LacI copy number is directly measured in each condition, permitting parameter-free prediction of the expression level. The transcriptional output of this circuit is remarkably robust, with expression of the repressor being largely insensitive to the growth rate. The predicted gene expression quantitatively captures the observations under different carbon conditions, indicating that the biophysical parameters are indifferent to the physiology. Interestingly, temperature controls the expression level in ways that are inconsistent with the prediction, revealing temperature-dependent effects that challenge current models. This work exposes the strengths and weaknesses of thermodynamic models in fluctuating environments, posing novel challenges and utility in studying physiological adaptation. physiology | gene expression | adaptation

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Physiological Adaptability and Parametric Versatility in a Simple Genetic Circuit

Chure

Kaczmarek

Phillips

2019

Preprint

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“…Perhaps this temperature contributes to enhancing the growth rate. For example, when E. coli strain ML30G was cultured in glucose minimal medium at various temperatures, the maximum growth rate was observed at 35 °C (Shehata and Marr 1975 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyruvate production using engineered Escherichia coli

2016

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Pyruvate plays an essential role in the central carbon metabolism of multiple organisms and is used as a raw material in the chemical, biochemical and pharmaceutical industries. To meet demand, large amounts of pyruvate are produced through fermentation processes. Here we describe a simple and efficient method for producing pyruvate in Escherichia coli. To stop carbon flux from pyruvate to fatty acids, the accBC genes, which encode the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of fatty acid biosynthesis and is essential for vegetative growth, were manipulated within the genome; its native promoter was replaced with the tetracycline (or doxycycline)-regulated promoter and the corresponding transcriptional regulator genes. The resulting strain grew normally in the presence of doxycycline, but showed poor growth upon withdrawal of doxycycline. Using this strain, we developed a high pyruvate producing strain (strain LAFCPCPt-accBC-aceE), in which the tetracycline-regulated promoter was also introduced upstream of aceE, and the ackA-pta, adhE, cra, ldhA, pflB and poxB genes were deleted. After determining the optimal culture conditions for this strain, the final pyruvate concentration reached 26.1 g L−1 after 72 h with a theoretical yield of 55.6 %. These levels are high enough to indicate that the developed strain has the potential for application to industrial production of pyruvate.

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“…Other investigators have found that fatty acid synthesis (8), oxygen metabolism (12), and protein synthesis (22) can be modulated in specific strains of E. coli by varying the temperatures of incubation. In addition, temperatures under 220C may affect the size of E. coli cells (17) and their growth potential (16). It is of interest that earlier studies on the effect of temperature on capsular polysaccharide production with Salmonella, Aerobacter, and Escherichia species concluded that capsule production was enhanced or unaffected at temperatures below 370C (4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of growth temperature of Escherichia coli on K1 capsular antigen production and resistance to opsonization

Bortolussi¹,

Ferrieri²,

Quie³

1983

Infect Immun

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When Escherichia coli strains that produce Kl capsular polysaccharide antigen at 37°C were grown at 22°C, Kl antigen was not detected in the supernatant or washed-cell fraction of broth cultures. Significant amounts of Kl polysaccharide were detected only when the organism was grown at temperatures of 30°C or higher. Rabbits immunized with an E. coli Kl strain (serotype 018ac:Kl:H7) grown at 37°C produced agglutinating antibody to somatic antigen and precipitating and agglutinating antibody to capsular Kl antigen; those immunized with this strain grown at 22°C produced antibody to somatic antigen, but not to Kl antigen. Antibody to somatic antigen was markedly reduced by adsorption with the organism grown at 22°C, while antibody to capsular antigen was not. E. coli Kl strains grown at 37°C (Kl present) resisted phagocytosis and killing if they were opsonized solely by the alternative complement pathway (ACP) using magnesium

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Effect of temperature on the size of Escherichia coli cells

Cited by 36 publications

References 20 publications

Physiological Adaptability and Parametric Versatility in a Simple Genetic Circuit

Physiological Adaptability and Parametric Versatility in a Simple Genetic Circuit

Pyruvate production using engineered Escherichia coli

Influence of growth temperature of Escherichia coli on K1 capsular antigen production and resistance to opsonization

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