“…Another justification is that when the bending stiffness of the original steel/concrete beam is much larger than the externally bonded FRP plate (this is the most common condition for FRP-strengthened steel/concrete beams), the bending moment in the FRP plate and the relevant peeling stress at the interface may be insignificant (De Lorenzis and Zavarise, 2009; Mohammadi et al, 2017; Taljsten, 1997). In addition, appropriate consideration of the peeling stresses will make the analytical solution very complicated, so it may not be easy to obtain a closed-form analytical solution (De Lorenzis et al, 2013; Wilson et al, 2020). It is noteworthy that even for the FRP-strengthened beams at ambient temperature, pure mode II stress-based models are often considered to simplify the theoretical solutions (Bennati et al, 2016; Bocciarelli et al, 2016; Cornetti et al, 2015; De Lorenzis and Zavarise, 2009; Mohammadi et al, 2017).…”