Effect of tempering time on microstructure, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of quenched–partitioned–tempered Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS)

Inam, Aqil; Imtiaz, Yasim; Hafeez, Muhammad Arslan; Munir, Salman; Ali, Zeeshan; Ishtiaq, Muhammad; Hassan, Muhammad Haseeb; Maqbool, Adnan; Haider, Waseem

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab52b7

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…On this basis, it was possible to infer that bainite does not play a decisive role in the increase of corrosion rates in the microstructure, and the single phase of interest in this regard is ferrite. Similarly, in the work by Katyiar et al 57 , differences between corrosion rates of martensitic and tempered martensitic structures were negligible, whereas Inam et al 19 were not able to obtain a linear correlation between corrosion rate and tempering time, with shorter tempering times (whose effect would be similar as that achieved by the employment of a lower tempering temperature) leading to an increase of corrosion rate and longer tempering times (similar to higher tempering temperatures) leading to a decrease of corrosion rate as compared with the fresh martensitic condition. These authors have all previously shown that ferrite is known to behave as an anode with respect to other phases, and its amount is critical to determine the corrosion severity of the alloy.…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

“…Samples 12, 13 and 18 showed the highest values because of the relatively large amounts of ferrite found in the microstructures, and ferrite is indeed acknowledged as the most susceptible phase to corrosion, i.e. the most anodic phase [17][18][19]57 . In microconstituents containing carbides (bainite and pearlite), galvanic corrosion takes place, with preferential attack of ferritic regions.…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Moon et al 18 reached the same conclusions regarding bainitic vs. ferritic microstructures. Besides, Inam et al 19 observed that, in martensitic steels, corrosion rates increase as the size of martensitic laths/needles decreases, due to a higher attack area. Zhao et al 20 concluded that number, size, and distribution of phases, as well as grain size, can affect corrosion resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural Evolution of a Hot-Stamped Boron Steel Automotive Part and Its Influence on Corrosion Properties and Tempering Behavior

et al. 2023

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Boron-manganese steel 22MnB5 is extensively used in structural automotive components. Knowledge about its microstructural evolution during hot stamping and resistance spot welding (RSW) is extremely relevant to guarantee compliance with application requirements. Particularly, corrosion properties are critical to the application of uncoated sheet steels. However, microstructural studies are usually simplified to top-hat geometries, which might not be fully representative of the complex thermomechanical cycles locally faced by a real component. Therefore, the present work brings an extensive characterization of a hot-stamped 22MnB5 automotive B-pillar in terms of microstructure, hardness and corrosion resistance, which were correlated with a reverse engineering of the process using numerical simulation. Physical simulations of the subcritical heat affected zone (SCHAZ) of RSW were done to assess the influence of microstructure on martensite tempering. Results showed that the component undergoes a complex strain distribution along its body during hot stamping. Most heavily strained regions presented higher amounts of ferrite, leading to poorer corrosion resistance, since ferrite behaves as an anode. Physical simulations of the SCHAZ showed that the softening degree due to martensite tempering is solely affected by peak temperature, while other microstructural features appear to exert negligible or no influence.

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Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 74%

Section: Electrochemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microstructural Evolution of a Hot-Stamped Boron Steel Automotive Part and Its Influence on Corrosion Properties and Tempering Behavior

et al. 2023

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“…Reduction in C percentage in both phases might be attributed to the precipitation of secondary phase particles along the grain boundaries. It has been reported that precipitation of secondary phase particles always causes diffusion of C from other phases to these particles [41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Vickers Hardnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimized Corrosion Performance of AISI 1345 Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Through Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Annealing Processes

Hafeez¹,

Inam

Hassan

et al. 2020

Crystals

Self Cite

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The thermo–mechanical treatments and cyclic annealing processes have the potential of optimizing the corrosion performance of carbon steels in corrosive environments. Herein, an attempt has been made to optimize the corrosion performance of AISI 1345 steel in hydrochloric acid by thermo–mechanical cyclic annealing treatments. AISI 1345 steel was produced and cast in the laboratory and subjected to three types of thermo–mechanical cyclic annealing treatments (TMCA). The first TMCA treatment comprised hot rolling at 1050 °C followed by oil quenching and single austenitizing at 900 °C followed by furnace cooling (TMSA). The second and the third TMCA treatments involved similar hot rolling processes with double austenitizing and furnace cooling (TMDA) and triple austenitizing and furnace cooling (TMTA) processes. Microstructure analysis showed that dual-phase (retained austenite + pearlite) microstructure was achieved after all TMCA treatments with an exception of secondary phase particles precipitation after TMSA treatment. Maximum fractions of retained austenite and minimum fractions of pearlite were achieved after TMTA treatment. Highly refined microstructure of size 26.7 µm was achieved after TMDA treatment whereas; TMSA treatment offered coarse grained microstructure of size 254 µm. Electrochemical analysis was performed in 5 vol% HCl solution using Tafel scan technique. Results revealed that both TMDA and TMTA treatments caused three-fold reduction in corrosion rates (3.025, 2.771 mpy) compared to non-treated steel sample. After 168 h of immersion corrosion analysis in 5 vol% HCl solution, the surface of TMTA treated sample was observed to be partially covered with a very thin, crack-free oxide layer exhibiting minimum oxygen (8.16%) percentage. These features indicated that the TMTA treated sample underwent a very low-intensity minor corrosion attack of HCl solution and exhibited the best immersion corrosion performance among all samples. Electrochemical and immersion corrosion analysis results were in good agreement.

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“…The finer multiphase microstructure with better mechanical properties can be achieved by designing the Q&P process combined with bainite transformation, i.e., BQ&P [25]. However, little attention has been paid to the corrosion behavior of carbon steels with a multiphase structure obtained by combining the Q&P process and bainitic transformation [26]. Besides, there is no study on the corrosion behavior of the low-carbon BQ&P rail steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corrosion Behavior of Multiphase Bainitic Rail Steels

Rojhirunsakool

Thublaor

Bidabadi

et al. 2022

Metals

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Pearlitic steel experiences excessive corrosion in a hot and humid atmosphere. The multiphase bainitic/martensitic structure was developed for a better combination of strength and ductility, especially rolling contact fatigue, but little attention to corrosion has been investigated. Corrosion behaviors of multiphase steels obtained from bainitic-austempering (BAT) and bainitic-quenching and -partitioning (BQ&P) processes were investigated via immersion and electrochemical tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution. The corroded surface and rust after immersion and electrochemical tests were analyzed via electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and x-ray diffraction. The multiphase bainite + martensite/retained austenite island showed higher corrosion resistance than that of the pearlitic one. The acicular bainite obtained from the BQ&P process showed slightly higher corrosion resistance than the granular bainite + martensite structure obtained from the BAT process.

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Effect of tempering time on microstructure, mechanical, and electrochemical properties of quenched–partitioned–tempered Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS)

Cited by 14 publications

References 39 publications

Microstructural Evolution of a Hot-Stamped Boron Steel Automotive Part and Its Influence on Corrosion Properties and Tempering Behavior

Microstructural Evolution of a Hot-Stamped Boron Steel Automotive Part and Its Influence on Corrosion Properties and Tempering Behavior

Optimized Corrosion Performance of AISI 1345 Steel in Hydrochloric Acid Through Thermo-Mechanical Cyclic Annealing Processes

Corrosion Behavior of Multiphase Bainitic Rail Steels

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