Effect of the arrangement of cavitation generation unit on the performance of an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor

Sun, Xun; Xia, Gaoju; You, Weibin; Jia, Xiaoqi; Manickam, Sivakumar; Tao, Yang; Zhao, Shan; Yoon, Jasang; Xuan, Xiaoxu

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106544

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This cavitation effect serves to achieve uniform medium mixing and enhance reaction rates. [75][76][77][78] The implosion of cavitation bubbles (with a lifespan of 0.1 μs) generates localized temperatures of approximately 5000 K and pressures of about 200 MPa, providing energy for the formation of nanoparticles. The cooling rate during this process reaches 109 K s À 1 , resulting in several orders of magnitude increase in the rate of precursor nucleation.…”

Section: The Underlying Mechanism Of Ultrasonic Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Deng,

Chen,

et al. 2024

ChemPlusChem

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With the advancement of scientific research, the introduction of external physical methods not only adds extra freedom to the design of electro‐catalytical processes for green technologies but also effectively improves the reactivity of materials. Physical methods can adjust the intrinsic activity of materials and modulate the local environment at the solid‐liquid interface. In particular, this approach holds great promise in the field of electrocatalysis. Among them, the ultrasonic waves have shown reasonable control over the preparation of materials and the electrocatalytic process. However, the research on coupling ultrasonic waves and electrocatalysis is still early. The understanding of their mechanisms needs to be more comprehensive and deep enough. Firstly, this article extensively discusses the adhibition of the ultrasonic‐assisted preparation of metal‐based catalysts and their catalytic performance as electrocatalysts. The obtained metal‐based catalysts exhibit improved electrocatalytic performances due to their high surface area and more exposed active sites. Additionally, this article also points out some urgent unresolved issues in the synthesis of materials using ultrasonic waves and the regulation of electrocatalytic performance. Lastly, the challenges and opportunities in this field are discussed, providing new insights for improving the catalytic performance of transition metal‐based electrocatalysts.

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Section: The Underlying Mechanism Of Ultrasonic Actionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Deng,

Chen,

et al. 2024

ChemPlusChem

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“…The turbulence model employed in this study is the SST k-ω model, which treats different flow regions differently through a blending function, allowing for accurate simulation of separation vortices induced by various pressure gradients [28,29].…”

Section: Turbulence Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of Non-Uniform Inflow Effects on Impeller Forces in Axial-Flow Pumps Operating as Turbines

Kan,

Zhang,

et al. 2024

Water

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Due to the existence of an inlet elbow, transmission shaft, and other structural components, the inflow of axial-flow pumps as turbines (PATs) becomes non-uniform, resulting in the complexity of internal flow and adverse effects such as structural vibration. In this paper, numerical methods were employed to explore the non-uniform inflow effects on impeller forces and internal flow field characteristics within an axial-flow PAT. The study results indicated that non-uniform inflow caused uneven pressure distribution inside the impeller, which leads to an imbalance in radial forces and offsetting the center of radial forces. With an increasing flow rate, the asymmetry of radial forces as well as the amplitude of their fluctuations increased. Non-uniform inflow was found to induce unstable flow structures inside the impeller, leading to low-frequency, high-amplitude pressure fluctuations near the hub. Using the enstrophy transport equation, it was shown that the relative vortex generation term played a major part in the spatiotemporal evolution of vortices, with minimal viscous effects.

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“…Within the framework of electrocatalysis, procuring a water‐based electrolyte, which offers both electrocatalytic conductivity and the capacity to dissolve the nonpolar CO 2 molecule, remains a formidable task. [ 27–30 ] The second challenge lies in the subpar selectivity of electrochemical reduction reactions. [ 31–33 ] Since CO 2 reduction is a nonspontaneous reaction, the intermediate species required for the production of target products require high energy activation, while the competitive hydrogen evolution reaction requires low energy activation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural Optimization of Reactor for the Enhancement of CO₂ Electrochemical Reduction Based on Gas–Liquid Mixing Flow Model

Ye,

Xuan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Energy Tech

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The CO2 electrochemical reduction reaction (CO2ERR) is heralded for carbon dioxide and renewable energy utilization. However, complexities in catalyst optimization and reactor structure research hinder its practical application. Herein, rather than traditional catalyst optimization, emphasis is placed on refining the reactor structure to enhance gas–liquid mixing. The goal is to raise the CO2 concentration in the reaction zone and extend its residence refining CO2ERR. Building on prior reactor designs, this work introduces the N‐reactor (the nozzle‐type reactor) with a ring electrode suited for gas–liquid mixing and reaction interplay. Through finite element simulations using the gas–liquid flow model, compared with the S‐reactors (the wide‐straight‐type reactor and the narrow‐straight‐type reactor), the N‐reactor's ring electrode shows a 12.99% CO2 concentration rise in the electrode zone and a 67.11% surge at the cathode exit. As a consequence, the total concentration of the product methanol is increased by 6.37%, with a maximum concentration increase of 26.96% and a concentration increase of 49.08% at the cathode outlet. These results validate the feasibility of optimizing the reaction from the perspective of gas–liquid mixing flow and provide novel methods and ideas for further optimization of CO2ERR, contributing to the practical application of the technology.

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Effect of the arrangement of cavitation generation unit on the performance of an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor

Cited by 45 publications

References 59 publications

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Investigation of Non-Uniform Inflow Effects on Impeller Forces in Axial-Flow Pumps Operating as Turbines

Structural Optimization of Reactor for the Enhancement of CO₂ Electrochemical Reduction Based on Gas–Liquid Mixing Flow Model

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Effect of the arrangement of cavitation generation unit on the performance of an advanced rotational hydrodynamic cavitation reactor

Cited by 45 publications

References 59 publications

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Ultrasound‐Assisted Preparation and Performance Regulation of Electrocatalytic Materials

Investigation of Non-Uniform Inflow Effects on Impeller Forces in Axial-Flow Pumps Operating as Turbines

Structural Optimization of Reactor for the Enhancement of CO2 Electrochemical Reduction Based on Gas–Liquid Mixing Flow Model

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Product

Resources

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Structural Optimization of Reactor for the Enhancement of CO₂ Electrochemical Reduction Based on Gas–Liquid Mixing Flow Model