Effect of the combination of Leptadenia hastata (pers) decne and Momordica balsamina linn leaf extracts on lipid profile of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

Background Changes in blood lipid level (dyslipidemia) play a central role in the onset and pathogenesis of macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus. Traditional herbal healers commonly use anti-diabetic polyherbal formulations to provide a multi-therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and its associated complications. The effect of the aqueous leaf extracts of Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne, Momordica balsamina Linn and their combination on lipid profile of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats was therefore evaluated in the present study. Results We evaluated the serum lipid profile and blood glucose level of STZ-induced diabetic rats (60 mg/kg body weight) treated with the aqueous leaf extracts of L. hastata (400 mg/kg) and M. balsamina (200 mg/kg) alone and in combination (400 + 200 mg/kg) after a period of 4 weeks. A significantly decreased (p < 0.05) level of total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and increased (p < 0.05) level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was observed in all the treated groups when compared to the untreated diabetic rats. Furthermore, the combination treatment was potentially a more effective blood lipid-lowering (p < 0.05) agent when compared to the single treatments. Conclusion Results from this study demonstrated the blood lipid-lowering potential of the aqueous leaf extracts of L. hastata, M. balsamina, and their combination. However, the polyherbal combination could be more potent in controlling diabetes mellitus, associated dyslipidemia, and its complications.

Phytochemical Characterization, Functional Nutrition, and Anti-Diabetic Potentials of Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne Leaves: In Silico and In Vitro Studies

“…2 , 10 Management/treatment options for DM range from lifestyle modification, exercise, insulin injection, and use of anti-DM drugs. 5 , 11 The biochemical basis of most anti-DM drugs involves inhibiting the catalytic activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, such as human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA) and α-glucosidase, which reduces blood sugar levels by suppressing carbohydrate digestion and glucose uptake, 3 , 8 making them the primary targets in controlling blood glucose in DM patients. 12 - 14 Studies have shown that inhibition of HPA is a better suppressor of postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) than α-glucosidase because it prevents excessive accumulation of maltose.…”

“…Decne, a member of the Asclepiadaceae family widely distributed in Tropical Africa, is one of the herbal remedies used by traditional healers to treat DM. 11 , 24 Furthermore, several experimental studies have reported the anti-diabetic activity of L hastata . 7 , 11 , 17 Other reported pharmacological and biological potentials of different parts of L hastata include antimicrobial, antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities.…”

“… 11 , 24 Furthermore, several experimental studies have reported the anti-diabetic activity of L hastata . 7 , 11 , 17 Other reported pharmacological and biological potentials of different parts of L hastata include antimicrobial, antiandrogenic, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. 24 The anti-DM activity of medicinal plants is also anchored on active pharmaceutical phytoconstituents, including phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals.…”

“… 24 The anti-DM activity of medicinal plants is also anchored on active pharmaceutical phytoconstituents, including phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals. 11 This study investigated the phytochemicals, vitamins, and minerals in L hastata and employed computational techniques to discover potential HPA antagonists, drug-likeness, pharmacokinetics properties, and safety profiles of compounds identified in ethanol extract of L hastata (EELH) using gas chromatography–mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) and gas chromatography–flame ionization detector (GC-FID). Furthermore, inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was used to validate the anti-DM of the plant.…”

“…2,10 Management/treatment options for DM range from lifestyle modification, exercise, insulin injection, and use of anti-DM drugs. 5,11 The biochemical basis of most anti-DM drugs involves inhibiting the catalytic activities of carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes, such as human pancreatic α-amylase (HPA) and α-glucosidase, which reduces blood sugar levels by suppressing carbohydrate digestion and glucose uptake, 3,8 making them the primary targets in controlling blood glucose in DM patients. [12][13][14] Studies have shown that inhibition of Phytochemical Characterization, Functional Nutrition, and Anti-Diabetic Potentials of Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne Leaves: In Silico and In Vitro Studies Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma 1,2 , Florence Nkechi Nworah 1 , Victor Onukwube Apeh 3 , Kingsley Ozioma Omeje 1 , Ekene John Nweze 1 , Chukwudi Daniel Asogwa 1 and Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba 1,2,4 HPA is a better suppressor of postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) than α-glucosidase because it prevents excessive accumulation of maltose.…”