Effect of the DTwP Haemophilus influenzae b Conjugate Vaccination in Mexico (1999–2007)

The Impact of Haemophilus Influenzae and Streptococcus Pneumoniae Vaccination in Bacterial Meningitis in a Pediatric Referral Hospital in Mexico

“…24 Few vaccines in history have induced such a dramatic decline in incidence over such a short period as the Hib vaccine because one serotype accounts for more than 90% of invasive infection worldwide. 9,25 Since the introduction of the Hib conjugate vaccine in Latin America in 1994, other countries in the region have also reported its effectiveness in preventing invasive infections caused by Hib, including meningitis. [25][26][27][28] Interestingly, the proportion of meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae remained stable over the study period, being the leading cause of pediatric BM in our hospital after the Hib vaccine's introduction.…”

“…12 The licensure of the conjugate vaccines against Hib and S. pneumoniae in Mexico has successfully reduced the disease burden over the past 20 years. 9,[13][14][15] However, there is limited epidemiologic and microbiologic data of BM in children in the country. 16 This study aimed to describe and compare the frequency, pathogens, and outcomes of BM before and after introducing the Hib and S. pneumoniae conjugate vaccines to the Mexican immunization schedule, and identifying possible risk factors associated with mortality complications and sequelae due to BM.…”

“…6,8 In Mexico, the vaccine to prevent Hib disease has been applied since 1999 in the pentavalent vaccine (diptheria/tetanus/pertussis, Hepatitis B, and Hib) as part of the Universal Vaccination Program. 9 The introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCV) in Mexico began in 2001 when PCV7 became available in the private market. In 2006, the vaccine was introduced for children living in the country's poorest regions and in 2008 for all Mexican children with a 2 þ 1 schedule.…”