Effect of the Emotional Freedom Techniques on anger symptoms in Hwabyung patients: A comparison with the progressive muscle relaxation technique in a pilot randomized controlled trial

Kwak, Hui-Yong; Choi, Eun‐Ji; Kim, Jong-Woo; Suh, Hyo-Weon; Chung, Sun-Yong

doi:10.1016/j.explore.2019.08.006

Cited by 14 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…13 , 24 , 34 Hwa-byung scale developed and validated by Kwon in 2008 is composed of personality and symptoms scale of Hwa-byung , which mainly focused on screening of Hwa-byung patients from the healthy control and depressive patients. VAS-HS measuring all listed fifteen symptoms in diagnostic criteria of Hwa-byung was adopted in this trial and another recent clinical trial of Hwa-byung, 35 to explore the changes in various Hwa-byung symptoms. Validated and reliable measurement for scoring specific symptoms of Hwa-byung , which is suitable to detect the treatment response is strongly required.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of herbal medicine (Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial

Choi

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2021

Integrative Medicine Research

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Background Huanglian-jie-du (HJD) granule, which is composed of representative “heat-clearing” herbs has been used for Hwa-byung . Hwa-byung is a culture-bound syndrome in Korea, characterized by distinct somatic symptoms such as chest congestion and heat sensation resulting from suppressed anger. We investigated the effect of HJD in patients with Hwa-byung . Methods Forty-four patients with Hwa-byung were recruited, and HJD or placebo granules were administered orally three times daily for seven days. The two primary outcomes were somatic symptoms, which were measured by Patient Health Questionnaire of physical symptoms (PHQ-15), and insomnia, which was measured by Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) at post-treatment. Results Between July 10 and October 31, 2017, 44 patients with Hwa-byung (mean age 36.68 years; and 38 female) were randomly assigned to HJD (n = 22) or placebo (n = 22) group. After administration of HJD or placebo granule for seven days, ISI score was lower in the HJD group compared to placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -2.56 [95% CI -4.72 to -0.39], p = 0.0208). Meanwhile, there was no difference in PHQ-15 score between HJD group and placebo group at post-treatment (adjusted mean difference -0.50 [95% CI: -3.02–4.02], p = 0.7812). Conclusions Our results suggest that the administration of HJD granule has a potential to improve insomnia in Hwa-byung patients. Effect of HJD granule for general somatic symptoms in Hwa- byung patients is unclear, and further researches are needed. Trial registration Clinical Research Information Service, KCT0002379.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of herbal medicine (Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial

Choi

Kim

Kwon

et al. 2021

Integrative Medicine Research

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“…Acupuncture seems to have the potential to relieve the somatic symptoms of stuffiness in the chest due to psychological problems. Measuring the severity of major Hwa-byung symptoms by VAS was applied in recent clinical trials of Hwa-byung (Lee et al, 2018;Kwak et al, 2019;Choi et al, 2021). However, it is not a validated method for measuring the severity of Hwa-byung symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acupuncture for Psychosomatic Symptoms of Hwa-byung, an Anger Syndrome: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

et al. 2021

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Objectives: Emerging studies found the potential effects of acupuncture for treating chronic pain and mental disorders, namely, depressive and anxiety disorders. Acupuncture is widely used for treating culture-related anger syndrome, Hwa-byung. This pilot trial aimed to investigate the feasibility of a clinical trial testing acupuncture for the psychosomatic symptoms of Hwa-byung.Methods: A total of 26 patients with Hwa-byung planned to be randomly assigned to the acupuncture or sham acupuncture groups. About 10 treatment sessions were applied over 4 weeks. The 100-mm visual analog scale was used to measure the six major Hwa-byung symptoms: stuffiness in the chest, heat sensations, pushing-up in the chest, feeling a mass in the throat, feelings of unfairness, and hard feelings. The criteria for assessing the success of this pilot trial were defined as improvement in three or more of the six Hwa-byung symptoms after treatment, with an effect size >0.2.Results: A total of 15 patients were finally included and randomly assigned to the acupuncture group (n = 7) or the sham acupuncture group (n = 8). After 10 treatment sessions, the Cohen's d effect sizes for acupuncture compared to sham acupuncture were >0.2 for each one of the six major Hwa-byung symptoms, which met our a priori criteria for success. Also, the effect size for the somatic symptoms of “stuffiness in the chest” was 0.81 (95% CI −0.40, 2.20), referring to a large effect size.Conclusions: Our results suggest that acupuncture treatment would be regarded as an acceptable intervention for a full-scale study of psychosomatic symptoms in patients with Hwa-byung.Trial Registration:cris.nih.go.kr, identifier: KCT0001732.

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“…Another body-based approach is emotional freedom techniques (EFT), often referred to simply as “tapping.” With this approach, rhythms are tapped on the hands, head, face, and collarbones. At the same time, memories of a traumatic event are reframed, and ruminating anger is reduced (Kwak et al, 2020). Body-based traumatic anger therapy can also be more physical.…”

Section: Distinguishing Justified and Unjustified Degrees Of Angermentioning

confidence: 99%

Anger Is All the Rage: A Theoretical Analysis of Anger Within Emotional Ecology to Foster Growth and Political Change

Heilman

2022

Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education

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Background and Purpose: Anger is implicated in nearly every social pathology, from war to bullying to child abuse. Yet, it is also the spark of reform for nearly every positive social movement, from civil rights to labor rights to handicapped rights. This article examines how anger has been understood and misunderstood across different discursive spaces in society, research, and education to offer a peace-promoting, emotional ecology theory of anger to foster emotional growth and political change. Research Design: This article employs theoretical research, which is a logical exploration of a system of beliefs and assumption to increase understanding, develop new theory, and explore implications. Findings: Anger is reconceptualized as a crucial emotional and political experience rooted in the emotional ecologies and histories of family, school, and society. Three distinctive features characterize it: An ethical response, an emotional response, and an action response. Five steps to anger resolution follow from this analysis including: mindfulness, compassion, insight, action, and a therapeutic response (or MCIAT). Recommendations: Future studies on anger should span developmental stages and include ways anger intersects with curricula, emotional experience and intellectual understanding. Teachers, social workers, and therapists must work together to address the emotional and political aspects of anger in education. Addressing our most painful and angering global challenges in all their complexity requires full integration of the personal, educational, civic, and therapeutic dimensions of emotional ecology and this worthy enterprise should inspire interdisciplinary dialogue and future research.

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Effect of the Emotional Freedom Techniques on anger symptoms in Hwabyung patients: A comparison with the progressive muscle relaxation technique in a pilot randomized controlled trial

Cited by 14 publications

References 18 publications

Effect of herbal medicine (Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial

Effect of herbal medicine (Huanglian-jie-du granule) for somatic symptoms and insomnia in patients with Hwa-byung: A randomized controlled trial

Acupuncture for Psychosomatic Symptoms of Hwa-byung, an Anger Syndrome: A Feasibility Randomized Controlled Trial

Anger Is All the Rage: A Theoretical Analysis of Anger Within Emotional Ecology to Foster Growth and Political Change

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