Effect of the Extracts of the Spiderflower,Cleome arabica, on Feeding and Survival of Larvae of the Cotton Leafworm,Spodoptera littoralis

Abstract

Aqueous and organic (hexane, chloroform, and methanol) extracts of siliquae, stems and leaves, and seeds of Cleome arabica L. (Brassicales: Capparidaceae) were evaluated in the laboratory for their antifeeding and insecticidal effect on larvae of the cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisduval) (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), using a leaf dipping bioassay with castor bean, Ricinus communis L. (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae), leaf discs. The polar extracts caused significant mortality. At the highest dose, C. arabica extracts exhibited significant antifeeding and phagostimulating activities against S. littoralis larvae. Under no-choice conditions, the methanol extract of siliquae was the most active, and the antifeedant index calculated over 24 hr for 3rd instar larvae varied significantly from 16 to 37%. Using nutritional indices, it was established that there was a significant decrease in growth rate concomitant with a reduction in consumption. These results suggest the presence of anti-feeding and/or toxic substances in the extracts that may be useful in developing bio-insecticides based on C. arabica extracts for use in integrated pest management of leafworm and other agricultural pests.

Efficacy of Some Plant Extracts on the Biological Aspects of the Two Spotted Spider Mite Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Prostigmata: Tetranychidae)

“…Thirty replicate castor leaf discs were dipped in the two concentrations from each extract for around 1 min. (Ladhari et al, 2013). Control leaf discs were immersed in distilled water and let to dry at room temperature.…”

Toxic effects of Cleome arabica L. (Capparidaceae) aqueous extracts on mortality and sexual behavior of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae)

“…It is a toxic plant with foul smell and hallucinogenic effects (Gubb 1913;Ozenda 1991). C. arabica is used in traditional medicine as a diuretic and against rheumatism; it is also a therapeutic and anti-bacterial plant (Ladhari et al 2013).…”

Exhaustive extraction of cyclopeptides from Amanita phalloides: Guidelines for working with complex mixtures of secondary metabolites

“…Therefore, the observed biological effect from such assays can only be attributed to the specific sample used in the experiment. In addition, correct interpretation of experimental data is also jeopardized by the lack of detailed information related to extraction and secondary metabolite profile of the natural sample (Ladhari, Laarif, Omezzine, & Haouala, 2013; Ventrella et al, 2016; Wachira et al, 2014). Thus, an absence of guidelines when using secondary metabolite extracts in ecological experiments results in a lack of reproducibility of experiments.…”