Effect of the Graphene- Ni/NiFe₂O₄ Composite on Bacterial Inhibition Mediated by Protein Degradation

Abstract

Recent investigations have demonstrated that nickel ferrite nanoparticles and their derivatives have toxicity effects on bacterial cells. In this study, we have prepared nickel ferrite nanoparticles (Ni/NiFe 2 O 4 ) and nickel/nickel ferrite graphene oxide (Ni/NiFe 2 O 4 –GO) nanocomposite and evaluated their toxic effects on E. coli cells ATCC 25922. The prepared nanomaterials were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometry techniques. The toxicity was evaluated using variations in cell viability, cell morphology, protein degradation, and oxidative stress. Ni/NiFe 2 O 4 –GO nanocomposites likewise prompt oxidative stress proved by the age of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhaustion of antioxidant glutathione. This is the first report indicating that Ni/NiFe 2 O 4 –GO nanocomposite-initiated cell death in E. coli through ROS age and oxidative stress.

Recent advances and mechanism of antimicrobial efficacy of graphene-based materials: a review

“…Copyright 2012, Elsevier B.V. ( d ) Reproduced from ref. [ 75 ]. Copyright 2022, American Chemical Society …”

“…coli cells and leads to degradation of proteins as analysed by SDS–PAGE (sodium dodecyl sulphate–poly acryl amide gel electrophoresis) (Fig. 3 d) [ 75 ].…”

“…coli [ 99 ] Ni/NiFe 2 O 4 –GO – G − ve: E . coli [ 75 ] Photo-thermal ablation LIG – G − ve: E. coli [ 100 ] GO-IO-CS 0.02 µg/µL G + ve: S . aureus and G − ve: E .…”

“…Furthermore, Panda and coworkers suggest that the antibacterial action of naturally produced GO-metal films is caused by the concomitant effect of both the non-oxidative electrons transfer mechanism and the consequent formation of ROS in the exposed bacteria [ 99 ]. G-based nickel ferrite nanocomposites Ni/NiFe2O4–GO were reported to have oxidative stress-mediated antibacterial activity triggered by ROS and GHS consumption as well as protein degradation [ 75 ]. Oxidative stress induced by these nanocomposites in E .…”

A molybdenum disulfide/nickel ferrite-modified voltammetric sensing platform for ultra-sensitive determination of clenbuterol under the presence of an external magnetic field

“…[13][14][15][16][17] For the aim of enhancing the inherent characteristics, many spinel ferrite-based nanocomposites have been fabricated for boosting their diversity applicability from environmental, biomedical, and sensors to biotechnology applications. [18][19][20][21] Among them, MoS 2 /NFO has been considered a highly promising nanocomposite for many different applications. Beneting from possessing a large surface area and impressive structure with three atomic layers S-Mo-S stacked by van der Waals forces, MoS 2 layers could support the effective dispersion of NFO nanoparticles (NFO NPs).…”