Effect of the gut microbiota and their metabolites on postoperative intestinal motility and its underlying mechanisms

Tooley, Mark; Xue, XiaoLei; Tian, Hui; Zhou, Xuedong; Wang, JunKe; Zhao, Zhiwen; Wang, Mingfei; Shen, Jianping; Feng, Renxiang; Li, Leping; Jing, Changqing; Tian, Feng

doi:10.1186/s12967-023-04215-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…In addition, microbial-derived metabolites have widely effects on the immune cells such as macrophages 65 , 66 . Since neuron-macrophage interaction disorder may affect the homeostasis of the enteric nervous system (ENS), thereby leading to gastrointestinal dysfunction 67 , microbial-derived metabolites also affect the gut motility. Age-related changes in gut microbiota alter phenotype of the MMs and disrupt gastrointestinal motility 57 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscularis macrophages controlled by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons

Gao,

Shi,

Wei

et al. 2024

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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Peristaltic movements in gut are essential to propel ingested materials through the gastrointestinal tract. Intestinal resident macrophages play an important role in this physiological function through protecting enteric neurons. However, it is incompletely clear how individuals maintain the homeostasis of gut motility. Here we found that NLRP3 is a critical factor in controlling loss of muscularis resident macrophages (MMs), and demonstrate that MMs are involved in the homeostasis of excitatory neurons such as choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) + and vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) + but not inhibitory neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) + neurons. NLRP3 knockout (KO) mice had enhanced gut motility and increased neurons, especially excitatory ChAT + and VGLUT2 + neurons. Single cell analyses showed that there had increased resident macrophages, especially MMs in NLRP3 KO mice. The MM proportion in the resident macrophages was markedly higher than those in wild-type (WT) or caspase 1/11 KO mice. Deletion of the MMs and transplantation of the NLRP3 KO bone marrow cells showed that survival of the gut excitatory ChAT + and VGLUT2 + neurons was dependent on the MMs. Gut microbiota metabolites β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) could promote gut motility through protecting MMs from pyroptosis. Thus, our data suggest that MMs regulated by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscularis macrophages controlled by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons

Gao,

Shi,

Wei

et al. 2024

Int. J. Biol. Sci.

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“…Numerous attempts have been made to treat this condition, but it is increasingly clear that one potential solution to properly manage it is by predicting the risk of occurrence with an adequate level of certainty and prevent it by addressing its contributing factors [7][8][9]. Endogenous factors such as age, certain chronic medication use, smoking, metabolic status, and gut microbiota, as well as exogenous ones such as blood loss, operation time, type of anesthesia, etc., have been proposed as determinants for the postoperative recovery of bowel function [10][11][12]. From a more comprehensive etiopathogenic perspective, ileus can be triggered through three main categories of mechanisms: pharmacologic, inflammatory, and neurogenic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preoperative Immunocyte-Derived Ratios Predict Postoperative Recovery of Gastrointestinal Motility after Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Firut,

Margaritescu,

Turcu-Stiolica

et al. 2023

JCM

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The aim of this study was to assess the role of immunocyte-derived ratios (IDRs), such as the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR), as markers for the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function following colorectal cancer surgery. A retrospective analysis was conducted on a consecutive cohort of 260 patients who underwent radical colorectal cancer surgery within the timeframe spanning from January 2016 to December 2022. Data concerning the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function included the I-FEED score, time to pass flatus, toleration for liquids in the first 48 h, and the need for nasogastric tube reinsertion in the immediate postoperative period. A special emphasis was allocated towards the examination of IDRs and their interrelation with the postoperative gastrointestinal functional parameters. The I-FEED score exhibited a positive correlation with the NLR, SII, and PLR. The univariate analysis indicated that all IDRs, multiorgan resection, hemoglobin and protein levels, regional nodal extent of the tumor (N), and obesity significantly affected nasogastric tube reinsertion. The multivariate analysis showed that the SII and N1 stages were risk factors for nasogastric tube reinsertion after colorectal cancer surgery. The SII and multiorgan resection were the only classifiers that remained significant in the multivariable analysis for the toleration for liquids. In summation, certain preoperative IDRs, such as the SII, PLR, and NLR, may hold potential as predictive determinants for postoperative gastrointestinal functional recovery following colorectal cancer surgery.

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The efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosilate compared with propofol for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography under monitored anesthesia care: A single-center randomized controlled clinical trial

Zhou,

Li,

Luo

et al. 2024

Heliyon

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Effect of the gut microbiota and their metabolites on postoperative intestinal motility and its underlying mechanisms

Cited by 5 publications

References 119 publications

Muscularis macrophages controlled by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons

Muscularis macrophages controlled by NLRP3 maintain the homeostasis of excitatory neurons

Preoperative Immunocyte-Derived Ratios Predict Postoperative Recovery of Gastrointestinal Motility after Colorectal Cancer Surgery

The efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosilate compared with propofol for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography under monitored anesthesia care: A single-center randomized controlled clinical trial

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