Effect of the nature of a porogen on the porous structure of monolithic polydivinylbenzene sorbents

Monolithic capillary columns based on pentaerythritol acrylates for molecular‐size‐based separations of synthetic polymers

“…The composition of polymerization mixture and polymerization conditions was widely recognized as critical parameters affecting monolith porosity [11,13,15,17,20,22]. Therefore, we have studied an impact of the porogen composition and the monomer/porogen ratio in the polymerization mixture on the porosity of the PE3A and PE4A-based monoliths.…”

“…Monolithic macroporous polymers based on pentaerythritol triacrylate (PE3A) and pentaerythritol tetraacrylate (PE4A) were prepared inside quartz capillary with an inner diame‐ter of 100 μm and an outer diameter of 360 μm. Before the synthesis, the inner surface of the capillary was activated with 1% hydrofluoric (HF) solution and then modified with trimethoxysilylpropyl methacrylate (Silane A‐174), as described elsewhere . The modified capillary was filled with the polymerization mixture containing monomer (PE3A or PE4A correspondingly), complex porogen (alkanol C n H 2 n +1 OH with n 8 to 12 together with 7.9% v/v methyl ethyl ketone), and initiator (azobisisobutyronitrile, 1% w/w on monomer mass).…”

“…Attempts have been made to improve the pore structure of monolithic sorbents and adopt it for separation of polymeric solutes [12,13,15,16]. These investigations resulted in the preparation of monolithic columns that allow polymer fractionation possessing rather narrow flow-through channels and small amount on stagnate pores [15][16][17]. Accounting for the structure of the monolithic packings allowing polymer fractionation, it was concluded that the separation mechanism on these adsorbents is not a simple SEC but includes contribution from hydrodynamic and slalom chromatography [14][15][16][17][18].…”

“…Polymeric monoliths aimed at the separation of synthetic polymers were mainly prepared based on poly(divinylbenzene/styrene) (poly DVB/St) and poly(dimethacrylate ethylene glycol) (polyDMEG) , while monoliths for separation of proteins and peptides were synthesized based on poly(diacrylate‐PEG) . The latter monoliths were of particular interest because they were obtained from polymer subunits cross‐linked through vinyl groups attached at the end of polymeric subunits.…”

Immobilized enzyme reactors based on monoliths: Effect of pore size and enzyme loading on biocatalytic process

“…For that, a series of macroporous monolithic columns with different average pore size from 300 up to 2000 nm was prepared and applied for enzyme immobilization. Despite a lot of existing experimental data on the synthesis of different monolithic materials , the possibility of predictable tuning of monolith pore size was not properly explored.…”