“…Gas-phase synthesis includes physical/chemical deposition [ 12 ] and magnetron sputtering technique [ 13 ]. Solid-phase synthesis includes self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) [ 14 ], thermal explosion [ 15 ], hot gas extrusion [ 16 ], spark plasma sintering [ 17 ], rolling [ 18 , 19 ], hot isostatic pressing [ 20 ], mechanical alloying [ 21 ] and shock-wave loading (SWL) [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 ].…”