Effect of the presence of polycystic ovary syndrome-related features on anti-Mullerian hormone and androstenedione levels in adolescents with or without menstrual irregularity

Abstract

To determine the variation in Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) and Androstenedione (A4) concentrations in adolescent girls, with or without menstrual cycle disorder in relation to phenotypic features of PCOS. MethodsAdolescent girls (n=129), age range 14-19 years, were recruited in the cohort study. All participants were in the 4th or 5th year after menarche. Sixty-eight had menstrual irregularities, usually oligomenorrhea (OM), and 61 had regular menstruation (RM). AMH and A4 concentrations were measured. Hirsutism was recorded. Polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) was evaluated by transabdominal pelvic ultrasonography. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) features were de ned according to Rotterdam consensus criteria. ResultsAMH and A4 were signi cantly higher in adolescent girls with OM than in girls with RM (p<0.05). A4 and body mass index (BMI) of adolescents with OM was signi cantly higher in those with hirsutism than those without hirsutism (p=0.01 and 0.008, respectively). There was a positive correlation between A4 and BMI (r: 0.327, p<0.01). Logistic regression showed that the frequency of OM in the presence of PCOM was 10.8 times (95% CI 2.04-12.09) compared to those without PCOM. The highest AMH concentrations were found in girls with OM, hirsutism, and PCOM (p<0.05). ConclusionsAMH and A4 are elevated in adolescents with oligomenorrhoea. High A4 is more prominent in the presence of hirsutism and is associated with increased BMI. PCOM, increases the likelihood of oligomenorrhea by about 10 times. AMH increase as the combination of clinical features of PCOS increases in adolescents with menstrual irregularity.