Effect of the Quasi Rate of Loading in Particle Crushing and Engineering Properties of Black Tough Sand

Abstract

In this study, the effect of the quasi rate of loading in the crushing of black tough sand will be studied experimentally. The experimental works will be conducted at different normal stresses, different relative densities, and different rates of loading using the direct shear tests. All test specimens were prepared with uniformly graded sand, passing sieve #4, and retained sieve #8.The results of direct shear tests were used to investigate the factors influencing the amount of particle breakage and consequently the friction angle. After shearing of each specimen, sieve analysis was performed in order to determine the percentage of particle breakage. Results showed that the rate of loading in direct shear plays a significant role in the amount of crushing and in internal friction angles. The amount of crushing as well as shear strength was increased with the increased rate of loading. Moreover, microstructural analysis used scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis shown that the crushing from granular have primarily resulted from disintegration, grinding and abrasion of particles.