Effect of the Sargassum angustifolium Extract on Methamphetamine-Induced Cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y Cells

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effect of the Sargassum angustifolium extract in methamphetamine-induced SH-SY5Y cells death. The brown algae S. angustifolium was extracted with 80% ethanol. The SH-SY5Y cells were treated with different concentrations of methamphetamine to measure IC50 .. The MTT test was used to assess the toxic effect of the S. angustifolium extract in SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells’ survival was measured while cells were treated with different concentrations of methamphetamine and S. angustifolium extract simultaneously. A specific kit measured intracellular ROS levels. Western blot analysis evaluated the expression of cytochrome C and Bax/Bcl2 ratio. The results showed that 5 mM methamphetamine approximately killed 50% of the cells, so it is considered IC50. The MTT test showed no toxicity effect for the S. angustifolium extract. 80, 160, 320, and 640 μg/ml of S. angustifolium extract prevented the occurrence of methamphetamine toxic effects in SH-SY5Y cells after 24 hours. Moreover, the S. angustifolium extract decreased ROS levels and cytochrome C release and reduced BaX/Bcl2 ratio in cells treated by methamphetamine. On the whole, it seems that the S. angustifolium hydroalcoholic extract has the potential to increase cell survival through in vitro antioxidant and antiapoptotic activities.

Neuroprotective activity of green synthesized silver nanoparticles against methamphetamine-induced cell death in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells

“…The upregulation of proapoptotic proteins is consistent with the findings that Meth treatment caused the release of mitochondrial Cyt c protein and apoptosis-inducing factors into the cytosol 32 , 33 . A recent study by Salari et al reported an increased release of Cyt c from mitochondria and an increased Bax to Bcl-2 ratio in the presence of Meth 34 . The factors released from mitochondria have been shown to participate in Meth-induced apoptosis by activating Cas9 and 3 and breaking down several structural cellular proteins 35 .…”

Brown Macroalgae Sargassum cristaefolium Extract Inhibits Melanin Production and Cellular Oxygen Stress in B16F10 Melanoma Cells

“…extract showed low cytotoxicity against Hep-2 and MCF-7 cancer cells with IC 50 values above 100 µg/mL. [ 25 ] Another report also indicated that Sargassum anguistifolium extract showed no cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells and prevented methamphetamine toxic effects in SH-SY5Y cells [ 26 ]. However, some reports indicate that brown macroalgae Sargassum could be a valuable source of potential anticancer compounds, such as fucoidan.…”

Applications of Antioxidant Secondary Metabolites of Sargassum spp.

“…The synthetic drug methamphetamine (MA) has a neurodegenerative effect on the human brain and can increase the generation of ROS through dopamine oxidation. In fact, a hydroethanolic extract of S. angustifolium rich in polyphenols, including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, and hydroxybenzoic acid, led to a decrease in ROS generation on MA-exposed SH-SY5Y dopaminergic cells with doses of 80 and 160 μg/mL [ 127 ]. Similarly, fucoxanthin isolated from S. horneri prevented the effects of MA on ROS, significantly reducing their production ( p < 0.05) and causing a significant increase in HO-1 expression in PC12 cells at 3 µM [ 128 ].…”