Effect of the Soil and Ripening Stage in Capsicum chinense var. Jaguar on the Content of Carotenoids and Vitamins

Oney‐Montalvo, Julio Enrique; Madrigal, Adriana Cristina de Silva; Sucre, Manuel Octavio Ramirez; Rodríguez‐Buenfil, Ingrid Mayanin

doi:10.3390/horticulturae7110442

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…On the other hand, the degree of ripeness has been shown to influence the synthesis of secondary metabolites in previous studies [12]. The results of this study indicate that this factor also affects the concentration of the volatile compounds in the Habanero pepper.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…The content of metabolites such as capsaicinoides, vitamins, carotenoids and polyphenols in the Habanero pepper is mainly related to the degree of ripeness, the type of soil, and the genetic variety of the pepper [10][11][12]. Previous works have reported only the effect of the genetic variety and degree of ripeness on the profile and concentration of volatile compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Soil Type Effect on the Volatile Compounds in the Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

et al. 2022

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The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of soil on the concentration of the main volatile compounds in the Habanero pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.). Plants were cultivated in three soils named, corresponding to the Maya classification, as Chich lu’um (brown soil), Box lu’um (black soil), and K’ankab lu’um (red soil). The volatile compounds of the peppers were extracted by steam distillation, analyzed by gas chromatography, and reported on a fresh weight (FW) basis. The results indicated that the soil presented a significative effect on the concentration of the volatile compounds evaluated (1-hexanol, hexyl-3-methyl butanoate, 3,3-dimethyl-1-hexanol, cis-3-hexenyl hexanoate). The peppers cultivated in black soil exhibited the highest concentration of 1-hexanol (360.14 ± 8.57 µg g−1 FW), 3,3-dimethyl-1-hexanol (1020.61 ± 51.27 µg g−1 FW), and cis-3-hexenyl hexanoate (49.49 ± 1.55 µg g−1 FW). In contrast, the highest concentration of hexyl-3-methyl butanoate (499.93 ± 5.78 µg g−1 FW) was quantified in peppers grown in brown soil. This knowledge helps us to understand the role of the soil in the aroma of the Habanero pepper and could be used by farmers in the region (Yucatan Peninsula) to select the soil according to the desired aroma characteristics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Soil Type Effect on the Volatile Compounds in the Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

et al. 2022

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“…In one study, it was observed that plants cultivated in black soils presented a notably higher TPC (217.13 ± 28.04 mg GAE/100 g dry pepper) and AC (86.51 ± 0.82% inhibition) compared with those grown in other soil types, including red soil (135.17 ± 14.24 mg GAE/100 g dry pepper, with inhibition below 86%) and brown soil, which displayed intermediate behavior [54]. This study suggests that these differences were primarily attributed to variations in electrical conductivity, organic matter content, and increased nitrogen presence [55,56]. Overall, such factors are thought to impact nutrient availability and uptake in plants, ultimately modulating the polyphenol content and thereby the AC of the products.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Metabolomic Profiling (LC–MS2) of Flowers and Bee Honey of Dzidzilche (Gymnopodium floribundum Rolfe) and Jabin (Piscidia piscipula L. Sarg.) from Yucatán, México

Mendoza-Osorno,

Avilés-Betanzos,

Uc-Varguez

et al. 2023

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Yucatan, Mexico, is renowned for its rich plant diversity, with ~40% melliferous plants. Yucatan bee honey (BH) constitutes ~15.83% of Mexico’s annual BH production, giving high international value. Major melliferous families in Yucatan include Fabaceae, with Piscidia piscipula (“Jabin”) as an example, and Polygonaceae, with Gymnopodium floribundum (“Dzidzilche”), crucial for BH production. This study aimed to profile the metabolome of Jabin and Dzidzilche flowers and their associated BH to identify metabolites for each flower coming from two regions (Tahdziu and Acanceh) of Yucatán. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC–MS2), total polyphenol content (TPC), and antioxidant capacity (AC) were implemented. As many as 101 metabolites (69 in flowers, 55 in BH) were tentatively identified using spectral libraries and in silico predictions, predominantly flavonoids, which accounted for 50.7% of the total identified metabolites in flower and 16.4% in BH. Samples exhibited variations in TPC, AC, secondary metabolites, and chemical classes depending on geography and botanical origin. Dzidzilche flowers from Acanceh displayed the highest total polyphenol content (TPC, 1431.24 ± 15.38 mg GAE/100 g dry matter) and antioxidant capacity (AC, 93.63% inhibition). Among the metabolites detected in flowers (Piscidia piscipula, Gymnopodium floribundum), 50.7% were found to be part of the flavonoid chemical class, whereas in their respective honey samples, only 16.4% of the identified metabolites were categorized as flavonoids. Vanillin and vitexin were tentatively identified as potential markers for the botanical origin identification of honey from Piscidia piscipula and Gymnopodium floribundum, respectively. Recognizing botanical and geographic BH origin is important for product authentication, identification, and traceability. This study offers chemical insights that can be valuable and complementary to melissopalynology, aiding in determining the origin and quality of Yucatan BH.

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“…93 Vitamin C and E levels increased to a maximum of 119.44 ± 4.72 mg 100 g −1 DW and 9.69 ± 0.02 mg 100 g −1 DW at 334 days after transplant (DAT) while carotenoid content decreased from 320 to 334 DAT in C. chinense "Habanero". 94…”

Section: Ripening-related Changes In Secondary Metabolites In Capsicummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fluorescence spectra of chili fruit exocarp showed a decline in the chlorophyll (685 and 730 nm) levels in the mature green fruits and increase in the carotenoids (490 to 580 nm), β-carotene, in the preripe and capsanthin in the ripe fruits, respectively . Vitamin C and E levels increased to a maximum of 119.44 ± 4.72 mg 100 g –1 DW and 9.69 ± 0.02 mg 100 g –1 DW at 334 days after transplant (DAT) while carotenoid content decreased from 320 to 334 DAT in C. chinense “Habanero” …”

Section: Ripening-related Changes In Secondary Metabolites In Capsicummentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Regulation, Environmental Cues, and Extraction Methods for Higher Yield of Secondary Metabolites in Capsicum

Islam

Rawoof

Kumar

et al. 2023

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Capsicum (chili pepper) is a widely popular and highly consumed fruit crop with beneficial secondary metabolites such as capsaicinoids, carotenoids, flavonoids, and polyphenols, among others. Interestingly, the secondary metabolite profile is a dynamic function of biosynthetic enzymes, regulatory transcription factors, developmental stage, abiotic and biotic environment, and extraction methods. We propose active manipulable genetic, environmental, and extraction controls for the modulation of quality and quantity of desired secondary metabolites in Capsicum species. Specific biosynthetic genes such as Pun (AT3) and AMT in the capsaicinoids pathway and PSY, LCY, and CCS in the carotenoid pathway can be genetically engineered for enhanced production of capsaicinoids and carotenoids, respectively. Generally, secondary metabolites increase with the ripening of the fruit; however, transcriptional regulators such as MYB, bHLH, and ERF control the extent of accumulation in specific tissues. The precise tuning of biotic and abiotic factors such as light, temperature, and chemical elicitors can maximize the accumulation and retention of secondary metabolites in pre-and postharvest settings. Finally, optimized extraction methods such as ultrasonication and supercritical fluid method can lead to a higher yield of secondary metabolites. Together, the integrated understanding of the genetic regulation of biosynthesis, elicitation treatments, and optimization of extraction methods can maximize the industrial production of secondary metabolites in Capsicum.

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Effect of the Soil and Ripening Stage in Capsicum chinense var. Jaguar on the Content of Carotenoids and Vitamins

Cited by 5 publications

References 38 publications

Evaluation of the Soil Type Effect on the Volatile Compounds in the Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

Evaluation of the Soil Type Effect on the Volatile Compounds in the Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

Metabolomic Profiling (LC–MS2) of Flowers and Bee Honey of Dzidzilche (Gymnopodium floribundum Rolfe) and Jabin (Piscidia piscipula L. Sarg.) from Yucatán, México

Genetic Regulation, Environmental Cues, and Extraction Methods for Higher Yield of Secondary Metabolites in Capsicum

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