Effect of the transition from more than adequate iodine to adequate iodine on national changes in the prevalence of thyroid disorders: repeat national cross-sectional surveys in China

Li, Yongze; Shan, Zhongyan; Wang, Teng

doi:10.1530/eje-21-0975

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…SLE patients and healthy people included in this study lived in Shandong Province. Study showed that iodine nutritional status in this region was at an appropriate level (23), which meant that the higher prevalence of hypothyroidism in SLE patients with TgAb-TPOAb-was not related to iodine intake. Whether thyroid autoantibodies were positive or negative, the elevated prevalence of hypothyroidism in SLE patients could not be completely explained by AIT and iodine intake.…”

Section: The Relationship Among Sle Ait and Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 87%

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients With Related Organic Damage Are at High Risk of Hypothyroidism

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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PurposeThe aim of this study included determining the prevalence of hypothyroidism in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), clarifying the clinical characteristics of SLE patients with hypothyroidism, and identifying the relationship between hypothyroidism and SLE-related organic damage. Another purpose was to analyze the relationship between SLE and thyroid autoantibody. We also intended to discuss the pathogenesis of hypothyroidism in SLE patients, which would provide clues for further investigation.MethodsThis study recruited 856 SLE patients and 856 age- and sex-matched healthy population and compared the prevalence of hypothyroidism between the cases and controls. Univariate and multivariate logistic analyses were applied to identify risk factors for hypothyroidism in SLE patients.ResultsSLE patients had higher prevalence of clinical hypothyroidism (9.10%) and TgAb+TPOAb- (10.40%) than controls. The prevalence of hypothyroidism was the highest in SLE patients aged 16-26 years (18.9%) and decreased with age. The prevalence of autoimmune hypothyroidism in SLE group was higher than that in the control group (64.4% vs. 51.5%, P=0.042), which was mainly due to TgAb; the prevalence of non-autoimmune hypothyroidism in SLE group was also significantly higher than that in the control group (67.3% vs. 47.8%, P<0.001). Based on multivariate analysis, the use of glucocorticoids/immunosuppressants, liver abnormality, lupus nephritis (LN), and cardiac insufficiency were independently associated with hypothyroidism in SLE patients.ConclusionThe prevalence of hypothyroidism in SLE patients was higher than that in controls and decreased with age. The results suggested that young SLE patients combined with LN, liver abnormality and cardiac insufficiency were at higher risk of hypothyroidism. According to the results of this study, we speculated that SLE might have impact on thyroid, and SLE might be one of the causes of hypothyroidism.

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Section: The Relationship Among Sle Ait and Hypothyroidismmentioning

confidence: 87%

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients With Related Organic Damage Are at High Risk of Hypothyroidism

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Endocrinol.

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“…conducted two repeated surveys on iodine intake and thyroid status in the Chinese population in 2009 and 2015. Comparing the survey results from 2009 and 2015, the prevalence rates of dominant hyperthyroidism, subclinical hyperthyroidism and GD were 0.7% and 0.5% ( P <0.05), 0.5% and 0.3% ( P <0.05), and 0.5% and 0.3% ( P <0.01), respectively, leading to a decrease in the prevalence of hyperthyroidism and GD in the overall population ( 18 ). Notably, a compulsory universal salt iodization (CUSI)program was carried out in 1996 in China.…”

Section: Dietary Iodine and Gdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease

Huang

et al. 2023

Front. Endocrinol.

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Iodine is a crucial trace element for the human body and the basic raw material for the synthesis of thyroid hormones. Oral inorganic iodine includes dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine, both of which are closely associated with thyroid immunity and metabolism. Graves’ disease (GD), also known as diffuse toxic goiter, is characterized by hyperthyroidism and high iodine metabolism. Clinically, patients diagnosed with GD are often asked to limit iodine intake or even avoid iodine in their diet. The latest research has demonstrated that the interference of dietary iodine with antithyroid drugs (ATDs) treatment may be overestimated. In addition, as a medication for GD treatment, the administration of inorganic iodine has shown positive results in patients with mild hyperthyroidism, a low thyroid autoantibody concentration, a small thyroid volume, a high iodine diet and so on. Inorganic iodine may also be used as an alternative when patients experience side effects with traditional ATDs and for those who still prefer conservative treatment. Due to its low teratogenicity, blood toxicity and bone marrow toxicity, inorganic iodine plays a unique role in special populations, such as pregnant or lactating patients and patients receiving tumor radiotherapy or chemotherapy. In this review, the research progress, biological function, doses and effects, applicable populations and specific applications of dietary iodine and therapeutic iodine are summarized to provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of GD, thus improving the quality of life of GD patients.

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“…São ainda relacionados ao estado nutricional de iodo, características como sexo, idade, tabagismo, histórico familiar de alterações na tireoide, escolaridade, excesso de peso, obesidade (DU et al, 2014;SHAN;TENG, 2022), cor/ raça (TELLEZ; COOPER; EDMONDS, 1992;LAURBERG et al 2010;, concentração de iodo na água (KATAGIRI et al, 2017;BIAN et al, 2022;CANDIDO et al, 2022;.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Estado nutricional de iodo e fatores associados, socioecônomicos, demográficos, de saúde e nutricionais em agricultores familiares da região geográfica imediata de Viçosa-MG

Lopes¹

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Os micronutrientes são importantes para o funcionamento do organismo. Processos de deficiência ou excesso destes nutrientes trazem como consequências o aparecimento de doenças. O objetivo deste trabalho foi associar fatores sociais, antropométricos, bioquímicos, químicos, nutricionais e de insegurança alimentar ao estado nutricional de iodo em adultos agricultores familiares da Região Geográfica Imediata de Viçosa-MG. O projeto obteve aprovação do Comitê de Ética e Pesquisa com Seres Humanos da Universidade Federal de Viçosa (n.2.496.986). Realizou-se calculo amostral, totalizando 306 agricultores e agricultoras a serem avaliados no meio rural de oito cidades da Região Geográfica Imediata de Viçosa-MG, Brasil. Foram realizadas com o uso de questionários semiestruturados com auxílio de ligação telefônica a coleta de informações socioeconômicas, demográficas, de estilo de vida, condições de saúde, autorrelatadas e exames bioquímicos, e consumo alimentar. Era agendada visita domiciliar para a coleta das amostras de urina e de alimentos. Foram realizadas dosagens bioquímicas para avaliação da função tireoidiana, estado nutricional de iodo, ferro, selênio e zinco. Realizou-se análise química de sal de consumo domiciliar, do conteúdo de iodo no tempero e nos alimentos. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software SPSS versão 20.0 e Stata versão 14. O conjunto mínimo de possíveis fatores associados, assim como viés de confusão e seleção foram determinadas pelo Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) no programa DAGitty® versão 3.0. Realizou-se regressão logística e linear a depender do objetivo. Além de testes de comparação de médias e medianas. Para todas as análises foi adotado p< 0,05. Como resultados foi encontrado uma ingestão insuficiente 18.9% (n=58) dos agricultores e inadequada pelo excesso 49.4% (n= 151). Observou-se que os indivíduos que utilizavam tempero industrializado (OR=1,815; IC95:1,060– 3,109) e que tinham hipercolesterolemia (OR=4,830; IC95:1,596 -14,623) apresentaram maior chance de ingestão excessiva de iodo. Os agricultores que faziam uso de tempero caseiro apresentaram maior chance de CIU insuficiente (OR=2,710; IC95:1,221 – 6,015). Entre os sexos foi encontrada diferenças quanto a renda, pontuação da EBIA, IMC, Hemoglobina, TSH e T3. Nos modelos finais da análise de regressão linear múltipla foi observado que o aumento do TSH se relaciona com o aumento da idade e as concentrações séricas de T3 também se relacionaram ao aumento da hemoglobina. Quanto a comparação entre os quartis, houve diferença entre os quartis 1 e 2 de T4 Livre para média de Selênio (p=0,003), 1 e 3 para VCM (fL) (p=0,029); 2 e 3 para Hemoglobina (g/dL) (p=0,025). Para Tireoglobulina, houve diferença entre 1 e 2, 1 e 4 para VCM (fL) (p=0,028; p< 0,001, respectivamente), HCM (pg) 1 e 4 (p= 0,008), 3 e 4 (p=0,005) e CHCM (g/dL) 2 e 3 (p=0,026). Entre os quartis de T3 teve-se diferença nas médias entre 1 e 4 para Hemoglobina (p=0,003) e RDW (%) 2 e 3 (p=0,025). Para as 580 amostras de alimentos produzidos pelos agricultores familiares e analisadas neste projeto, não foi encontrada diferença entre os cultivares de alface, couve e feijão. Houve diferença entre as cidades no conteúdo de iodo para ovos (p≤0,001), queijo (p=0,028) e leite (p=0,001). Não foi encontrado diferença entre as estações do ano quanto ao conteúdo de iodo na couve e alface. Há uma complexidade no processo de avaliação do estado nutricional de iodo e possíveis fatores associados, exigindo mais estudos para o seu aprofundamento. Além de, proposição de ações educativas incentivando uma alimentação saudável. Há que se considerar que existem grupos prioritários no que tange a avaliação de deficiências, porém os resultados deste estudo exemplificam a necessidade de uma avaliação considerando também adultos. Palavras-chave: Tese. Pós-graduação. Iodo. Tireoide. Deficiência de Iodo. Ferro. Anemia. Zinco. Selênio. Segurança Alimentar e Nutricional. Meio rural. Comunidades Rurais. Trabalhadores Rurais

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Effect of the transition from more than adequate iodine to adequate iodine on national changes in the prevalence of thyroid disorders: repeat national cross-sectional surveys in China

Cited by 11 publications

References 25 publications

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients With Related Organic Damage Are at High Risk of Hypothyroidism

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients With Related Organic Damage Are at High Risk of Hypothyroidism

Application of oral inorganic iodine in the treatment of Graves’ disease

Estado nutricional de iodo e fatores associados, socioecônomicos, demográficos, de saúde e nutricionais em agricultores familiares da região geográfica imediata de Viçosa-MG

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