Effect of the use of snuff on the levels of interleukin-1 β and interleukin-8 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients

Pandey, Vijayendra; Salam, Sharib Abdus; Moda, Aman; Agarwal, Preeti; Nath, Sonia; Pulikkotil, Shaju Jacob

doi:10.4103/1735-3327.166222

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This suggests that smokeless tobacco's irritational properties, either chemical or mechanical, may contribute to the increased inflammation at the site of placement. These results were in line with several studies [4,21] but in contrast with several other studies where no association was found between smokeless tobacco use and gingival inflammation, which might be due to vasoconstriction caused by nicotine [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

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Oral Health Consequences of Use of Smokeless Tobacco in North India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Agrawal

Aggarwal

Gupta

et al. 2021

Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr.

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Objective: To evaluate the effects of commonly used smokeless tobacco forms on oral health at habitual placement sites of smokeless tobacco compared to non-placement sites among the North Indian population. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 542 individuals using smokeless tobacco recruited from the outpatient wing of the Dental College. Subjects completed a questionnaire and received an oral examination. Periodontal pocket depth, gingival index, plaque index, gingival recession, and oral mucosal changes were assessed. Kendal's Tau test, paired t-test, and chi-square test were carried out to compare different variables among placement and non-placement sites. Results: Most of the subjects were male, reporting an average of 11.26 years of SLT use. Clinical inflammation of gingiva was significantly greater (p=0.01) at placement-sites (1.64 ± 0.53) of SLT in comparison to non-placement-sites (1.40 ± 0.41). The difference in the GR and PPD at placement and non-placement-sites was also statistically significant with p=0.002 and p=0.001, respectively. Clinically, the majority of subjects had mucosal changes at the placement sites, and a statistically significant association (p=0.034) was observed between the duration of the use of smokeless tobacco and the mucosal changes. Conclusion: Smokeless tobacco use predisposes to increased risk of periodontal diseases and oral mucosal changes at the placement sites in an individual due to the local irritant effect.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…These findings were consistent with studies conducted by Montén et al [22] and Singh et al [17]. However, Wolfe et al [21] and Robertson et al [22] found less frequent plaque and calculus formation at the site of smokeless tobacco use.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Oral Health Consequences of Use of Smokeless Tobacco in North India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Agrawal

Aggarwal

Gupta

et al. 2021

Pesqui. Bras. Odontopediatria Clín. Integr.

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Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

Zutshi

Gupta

et al. 2020

Indian Heart Journal

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Background While the pro-inflammatory and pro-coagulant effects of cigarette smoking have been well described, the effect of smokeless tobacco (ST) on inflammatory and coagulation markers is still not clear. The study aimed to evaluate impact of smokeless tobacco use on systemic markers of inflammation [(TLC), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (ESR), interleukin (IL) IL-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)] and hypercoagulable state [fibrinogen and d-dimer] leading to increased cardiovascular risk in ST users as compared to non-users. Methods 150 healthy young adults using oral tobacco products for at least 1 year were included in the case group and 50 age-matched non-consumers as controls. Subjects with any known chronic illness or comorbidity were excluded from the study. Blood samples were tested for TLC, NLR, ESR, IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, fibrinogen and d-dimer. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 17.0 software. Results The baseline clinical and cardio-metabolic characteristics were comparable between the two groups. ST users had significantly elevated serum IL-6 [59.29 ± 124.69 pg/mL (n = 149) vs 8.21 ± 27.27 pg/mL (n = 47), p-value = 0.005], TNFα [77.18 ± 236.10 pg/mL (n = 149) vs 8.32 ± 9.36 pg/mL (n = 47), p-value = 0.041], fibrinogen [310.53 ± 129.05 mg/dL (n = 143) vs 282.82 ± 65.23 mg/dL (n = 42), p-value = 0.045] and d-dimer [0.28 ± 0.42 mg/L (n = 144) vs 0.17 ± 0.09 mg/L (n = 45), p-value = 0.043] levels as compared to non-users. Serum TLC, NLR, ESR and IL-1β remained unchanged in ST users and were similar to that of controls. Conclusions Chronic use of ST is associated with systemic inflammation and coagulation, which may increase the risk of athero-thrombotic cardiovascular events among ST users.

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Possible Association between Behçet’s Disease and Periodontal diseases

Orduyilmaz,

Ozmeric,

Elgun

et al. 2024

BMC Oral Health

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Effect of the use of snuff on the levels of interleukin-1 β and interleukin-8 in the gingival crevicular fluid of periodontitis patients

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Oral Health Consequences of Use of Smokeless Tobacco in North India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Oral Health Consequences of Use of Smokeless Tobacco in North India: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Evaluation of systemic inflammatory and thrombotic markers of cardiovascular risk among young Indian oral tobacco users

Possible Association between Behçet’s Disease and Periodontal diseases

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