Effect of thickness, translucency, and substrates on the masking ability of a polymer‐infiltrated ceramic‐network material

Abstract

ObjectiveThe aim of this in vitro study is to evaluate the masking ability of polymer‐infiltrated ceramic‐network materials (PICN) with different translucencies and thicknesses on multiple types of substrates.Materials and MethodsCeramic samples were prepared of VITA ENAMIC blocks in two different translucencies (2M2‐T, 2M2‐HT) in a thickness range of 0.5–2.5 mm (±0.05 mm). Layered specimens were obtained using composite substrates in nine shades and transparent try‐in paste. Spectral reflectance of specimens was measured using a Konica Minolta CM‐3720d spectrophotometer and D65 standard illumination. CIEDE2000 color difference (ΔE00) between two samples was evaluated using 50%:50% perceptibility and acceptability thresholds. Specular component of the reflection was examined with Specular Component Excluded (SCE) and Included (SCI) settings. Statistical evaluation was performed by linear regression analysis, Kruskal–Wallis test, and multiplicative effect analysis.ResultsAn increase in thickness of 0.5 mm reduces ΔE00 of HT samples to 73.5%, of T samples to 60.5% (p < 0.0001). Five substrates with HT specimens, and three substrates with T specimens had significantly different results from average (p < 0.05). There is a significant difference between SCE and SCI data depending on the wavelength (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsMasking ability of PICN materials is influenced by the thickness and translucency of the ceramic, and by the substrate. Reflection of the examined PICN material is characterized by both diffuse and specular reflection.Clinical SignificanceAlthough PICN materials have been available on the market for 10 years now, there is a lack of information regarding their masking ability. Acquiring in‐depth data and thereby practical experience of the factors affecting the esthetics of PICN materials is essential for creating perfectly lifelike restorations.

Quantitative examination of factors influencing the colour reproduction ability of lithium disilicate glass-ceramics

“…The spectral reflectance of the specimens was measured using a Konica Minolta CM-3720d (Konica Minolta, Tokyo, Japan) spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 360–740 nm at a 10 nm pitch, with a d/8 (diffuse illumination/8° viewing angle) measurement geometry and specular component included (SCI) setting [ 33 ]. The apparatus features a 6-inch integrating sphere coated with barium sulphate, exhibiting superior optical characteristics.…”

“…S L , S C , and S H are weighting factors, and the parametric factors k L , k C , and k H are correction terms for variation in the experimental conditions [ 35 ]. PT 50:50% = 0.8 (50:50% perceptibility threshold) and AT 50:50% = 1.8 (50:50% acceptability threshold) ΔE 00 values were utilized to assess the results of colour differences [ 33 , 37 , 38 ]. The Kruskal–Wallis test was used to analyse whether samples had the same distribution ( p < 0.05).…”

Polymer-Infiltrated Ceramic Network Produced by Direct Ink Writing: The Effects of Manufacturing Design on Mechanical Properties

“…Aiming to overcome this drawback and design restorations with an actual toothlike function, polymer-infiltrated ceramic network (PICN) materials have been recently developed [17]. PICNs have a dual-network structure comprising a ceramic skeleton and infiltrated resin phase, generally fabricated by infiltrating the polymerizable monomers into the pre-sintered ceramic skeleton and curing by heat-induced polymerization [2,18,19]. PICNs were expected to have a good combination of strength, ceramics esthetics, and polymers' machinability.…”

Porous Lithium Disilicate Glass–Ceramics Prepared by Cold Sintering Process Associated with Post-Annealing Technique

“…Lithium disilicate (Li 2 Si 2 O 5 , written as LD) glass–ceramics, the microstructure of which features interlocked rod-like LD crystals embedded in glass matrix [ 1 , 2 , 3 ], have gained much attention in prosthetic dentistry since 1998 [ 4 ]. In recent years, a novel restorative material, polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network material (PICN), has gained researchers’ attention [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. It features excellent mechanical properties [ 5 , 6 ] through interpenetrating polymers into porous ceramics.…”

“…In recent years, a novel restorative material, polymer-infiltrated-ceramic-network material (PICN), has gained researchers’ attention [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. It features excellent mechanical properties [ 5 , 6 ] through interpenetrating polymers into porous ceramics. Until now, polymer-infiltrated porous feldspar ceramics [ 7 ], polymer-infiltrated porous zirconia ceramics [ 6 ], and other porous ceramics systems [ 5 , 8 ] have been successfully prepared.…”