Effect of Thiosemicarbazone Derivatives and Fusarium culmorum (Wm.G. Sm.) Sacc. Infection of Winter Wheat Seedlings on Their Health Status and Soil Biological Activity

Abstract

Climate change has an impact on agricultural production, including the greater persistence of plant pathogens in the environment. Therefore, the question arises as to how to effectively and safely protect plants by using chemicals, the number of which is decreasing each year. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fungistatic effect of 2 acetylthiophenethiosemicarbazone (2actpTS) and Cis-jasmonethiosemicarbazone (JTS) against Fusarium culmorum (Fc) on winter wheat seedlings. The influence of thiosemicarbazones (TSs) on the health status and phytotoxicity of seedlings and soil biological activity was investigated. Before TSs application (watering or spraying), soil was infected with F. culmorum (strain No. 37). The substance type and method of its application significantly influenced only the fresh weight of the seedlings. The varying phytotoxicity of the molecules depended primarily on their application method to the plants. The highest seedling phytotoxicity was recorded when compounds were applied during watering and the lowest when they were sprayed. The results showed that the application of substances 2actpTS and JTS, both in the form of watering and spraying, had a positive effect on plant health status, as expressed by the disease index (DI) value. The presence of the infectious agent and the type of chemical compound increased soil enzyme activity. The highest total number of bacteria was found in the soil that was infected with Fc and in soil samples where JTS was applied by watering and spraying. The highest utilization of amines, amides and amino acids by microorganisms was found in the samples where JTS was applied. The obtained results will be used to create intermediate products for the protection of cereals against Fusarium diseases, not only at the stage of germination and tillage of plants, but also at subsequent developmental stages.

2-{3-Methyl-2-[(2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-ylidene}-N-phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide

“…For biological applications of TSCs and their complexes, see: Singh et al (2023). For the antifungal activity and the crystal structure of the nonsubstituted cis-jasmone thiosemicarbazone, see: Orsoni et al, (2020) and for another report concerning the fungistatic effect of this TSC derivative, see: Jamiołkowska et al (2022). For the application of thiosemicarbazones complexes as single-molecule precursors in the synthesis of nanostructured metal sulfides, see: Palve & Garje (2011) for ZnS, Pawar et al (2016) for CdS and Pawar & Garje (2015) for CoS nanocrystalline materials.…”

Synthesis, crystal structure and Hirshfeld analysis of N-ethyl-2-{3-methyl-2-[(2Z)-pent-2-en-1-yl]cyclopent-2-en-1-ylidene}hydrazinecarbothioamide

“…In addition, thiosemicarbazone derivatives have been studied for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (Mathew et al, 2021), microbial growth inhibition (D' Agostino et al, 2022), anti-inflammatory pathologies (Kanso et al, 2021) and antifungal activity (Bajaj et al, 2021). Specifically, in the context of this work, the parent cis-jasmone thiosemicarbazone derivative has shown fungistatic biological activity as a free molecule (Jamiołkowska et al, 2022) and also as a Cu II complex (Orsoni et al, 2020).…”

Effects of Rhizosphere Bacteria on Strawberry Plants (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) under Water Deficit

“…Additionally, in order to determine the occurrence of the variability of the determined traits depending on the experimental factors used, a cluster analysis was carried out using Ward’s method for linkage and the square of the Euclidean distance as a measure of distance [ 92 ]. The significance of the clusters was determined using the Sneath graded criterion [ 93 ]. The above statistical calculations were performed using Statistica 13.1PL (Cracow, Poland, StatSoft Poland).…”