Effect of Ti and W on the Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of 12% Cr Base Mechanical-alloyed Nano-sized ODS Ferritic Alloys

Unusual thermal stability of nano-structured ferritic alloys

“…Excellent mechanical properties are obtained, for example, by mechanical alloying of ferritic steel with only minor addition of Ti and Y 2 O 3 (≤0.5 wt.%) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. At temperatures between 650 and 900 • C, the creep rate of Fe-14Cr-3W + 0.25Y 2 O 3 + 0.4Ti (wt.%) (hereafter designated as 14YWT) ferritic alloy is six orders of magnitude lower as compared to the similar cast materials [5].…”

Gas atomized precursor alloy powder for oxide dispersion strengthened ferritic stainless steel

“…mechanically alloyed ODS steels [137,211]. W was added to CR-126 as a solid solution strengthening element [115]. The addition of W seemed to limit the amount of Y that could be solute trapped during rapid solidification, but did not seem to influence the chemistry of the resulting nano-metric oxide dispersoid phase upon hot consolidation.…”

“…Nanostructured ferritic alloys were discovered in 1999 by three-dimensional atom probe (3-DAP) mapping of alloy 12YWT [114,115]. This analysis proved the existence of Y, Ti, and O enriched nano-metric clusters.…”

“…The extensive development of these ODS ferritic stainless steels concluded that the Fe-Cr base system required the addition of yttrium (Y) to form dispersoids with high temperature stability and a titanium (Ti) addition to further refine the resulting oxide dispersoids size [6,9,13,[114][115][116][117][118][119]. A tungsten (W) addition was usually included as a solid solution strengthener for the Fe-Cr matrix phase, as well [115].…”

High heat flux components—Readiness to proceed from near term fusion systems to power plants

“…14 and 15, respectively) [21,22]. The nanoclusters were initially discovered in the 12YWT NFA that was developed in Japan during the 1990's [23] and subsequently in MA957, which was developed and patented by INCO in 1978 [24]. However, these two NFA are not commercially available.…”