Effect of Time on the Syntheses of Carbon Nanotubes via Domestic Oven

Kure, Nicodemus; Daniel, Isaac; Hamidon, N. M; Lakin, I. I; Machu, B. U.; Adoyi, E. J.

doi:10.46481/jnsps.2022.355

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The structure of graphene oxide produced by the different electrolytes is investigated using Raman spectroscopy, achieved by the adoption of a uniform excitation laser of 514.5 nm across all the samples. Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive vibrational technique that is almost indispensable in the study of macro, micro, or nano carbon materials because it reveals the bonding, defects, and geometric structure [38,39]. The Raman spectra of graphene oxide show characteristic principal bands denoted as 2D, G, and D bands with significant differences in their relative intensities and shape profiles (see Figure 1).…”

Section: Structure and Defect Concentration Of The Graphene Oxides Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different electrolytes on the structure and yield ofgraphene oxide produced via electrochemical exfoliation

Adigun,

Umoru,

Iwatan

2023

J. Nig. Soc. Phys. Sci.

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The most suitable electrolyte for graphene oxide synthesis, in terms of both production efficiency and quality, using the electrochemical exfoliation technique has been investigated and reported in this study. Simultaneous anodic and cathodic graphene oxide production using ten (10) different electrolytes, including acids (H2SO4, HCl, HNO3), bases (KOH, Ca(OH)2, Mg(OH)2, NaOH), and salts (NaCl, (NH4)2SO4, K2SO4), was studied under the same experimental conditions of bias voltage, graphite nature, exfoliation time, electrolyte molarity, and post-exfoliation treatments. Assessment of the graphene oxide structures and production rates was supported using Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM), and EDS (energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy), attached to the scanning electron microscope. Analysis of the results obtained reveals that H2SO4 showed the highest graphene oxide yield (86%) but with comparably low graphene oxide quality in terms of defect concentration, presence of oxygen functional group contamination, and crystallite properties. The aqueous NaCl, Ca(OH)2 and Mg(OH)2 electrolytes did not show any graphene oxide exfoliation effect. However, from the series of electrolytes examined, aqueous (NH4)2SO4 exhibited an excellent combination of efficient graphene oxide yield and high-quality characteristics due to its relatively high yield of 74% and superior quality of the produced graphene oxide with the comparatively lowest defect density, ?D, and highest C/O (carbon-to-oxygen) ratio. The tortuous, agglomerated, and planar layers of the distinct 2D graphene oxide sheets were also clearly revealed by the SEM images. In essence, the roles played by dissociated sulfate (SO42?), nitrate (NO32?), chlorides (Cl?), and hydroxides (OH?) ions in the series of complex electrochemical reactions toward the intercalation, exfoliation, yield, and properties of graphene oxide produced are discussed. From the series of electrolytes tested, aqueous (NH4)2SO4 emerged as the most relatively suitable electrolyte for the synthesis of graphene oxide because it combines both high yield and fine quality.

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Section: Structure and Defect Concentration Of The Graphene Oxides Pr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of different electrolytes on the structure and yield ofgraphene oxide produced via electrochemical exfoliation

Adigun,

Umoru,

Iwatan

2023

J. Nig. Soc. Phys. Sci.

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“…The results of the study showed that the calculated carbon quality was equal to 1.01 and 1.02 for sample A and sample B, respectively; with an average diameter from 6.0 to 10.0 nm. A high‐intensity ratio was associated with a defective mode in MWCNTs 34 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A highintensity ratio was associated with a defective mode in MWCNTs. 34 Keeping the above facts into consideration, the main objectives of the work are summarized below:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The MWCNTs with 1.03 to 25.00 nm diameter were prepared at 750°C and 0.81 mbar. Kure et al 34 synthesized MWCNTs directly on a coated silicon substrate in a commercial microwave oven at 2.45 GHz for 3 min (sample A) and 4 min (sample B). The plasma provided the necessary temperature for the catalytic decomposition of a carbon source (polyethylene) at 750°C and atmospheric pressure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Facile microwave synthesis of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for modification of elastomer used as heaters

Ali,

Shchegolkov,

Shchegolkov

et al. 2023

Polymer Engineering & Sci

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Multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) were synthesized by a microwave method. MWCNTs had filamentous shapes (10 μm) and were intertwined in bundles (40–60 nm diameter). The rapid oxidation of MWCNTs with a loss of 90% of weight was observed from 530 to 630°C. 2% Residue was present at 630°C, which gradually decreased to 1.2% at 1000°C. In a silicone elastomer, increased thermal conductivity at a concentration of 8% MWCNTs was observed. The highest thermal conductivity of the nano‐modified elastomer was 0.48 W/m°C with 8.0 wt% MWCNTs. The highest electrical conductivity was 2.4 × 10−5 S cm−1 at 8.0 wt% MWCNTs. Both the thermal and electrical conductivities showed percolation behavior with the percolation thresholds at 6 and 5 wt%, respectively. The MWCNTs synthesized by microwave method gave a good power economy in comparison to MWCNTs obtained by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on NiMg catalyst. Microwave‐synthesized MWCNTs showed high stability at a potential of 250 V in an electrical resistance heater application due to the presence of Fe on the surface of MWCNTs. The developed heater can effectively operate at 220 V, which enables the use of the tubes in household appliances, such as heat fans, irons, and washing machines.Highlights Synthesis of MWCNTs by microwave plasma treatment of ferrocene and graphite. Characterization of MWCNTs by different techniques. Concentration dependence of electro‐ and thermal conductivity of MWCNTs in elastomers. Electro‐physical parameters studies of elastomers modified with MWCNTs. Heat generation studies in elastomeric matrix with MWCNTs.

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Microwave Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Modification of Elastomer Used as a Heaters

Ali,

Aleksandr,

Aleksey

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Effect of Time on the Syntheses of Carbon Nanotubes via Domestic Oven

Cited by 3 publications

References 22 publications

Effects of different electrolytes on the structure and yield ofgraphene oxide produced via electrochemical exfoliation

Effects of different electrolytes on the structure and yield ofgraphene oxide produced via electrochemical exfoliation

Facile microwave synthesis of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes for modification of elastomer used as heaters

Microwave Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes for Modification of Elastomer Used as a Heaters

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