Effect of Timed Hygienic Measures on Oral Mucosa in a Group of Elderly Subjects

DeWalt, Evelyn M.

doi:10.1097/00006199-197503000-00007

Cited by 36 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Foam swabs have been used in the United Kingdom (UK) since the early 1970s, and, despite repeated and long-standing efforts to improve the practice of mouthcare given by nurses (e.g. DeWalt & Haines 1969, Wiley 1969, DeWalt 1975, Howarth 1975, 1977, Harris 1980, Lewis 1984, Trenter Roth & Creason 1986, Hunt 1987, Miller & Rubinstein 1987, Pritchard & Mallet 1992, Clarke 1993, they are frequently used in practice today. This may be in part due to a lack of robust information about what it is that foam swabs can bring to quality nursing practice, and to the lack of emphasis in education and practice on the assessment of mouthcare needs, and delivery of effective care (Adams 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A controlled trial to compare the ability of foam swabs and toothbrushes to remove dental plaque

Pearson

Hutton

2002

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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The trial verified the findings from the previous study. The conclusions can be generalized to a wider population because of the magnitude and direction of the differences measured. The implications for nurse education and the development of nursing in practice settings include the need to teach effective toothbrushing skills to nurses, and to support clinical staff in developing mouthcare practice, particularly in relation to the use of assessment strategies that include the choice of effective tools.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A controlled trial to compare the ability of foam swabs and toothbrushes to remove dental plaque

Pearson

Hutton

2002

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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“…One simple way to do this would be to use photography. An example of this is provided in DeWalt's (1975) oral hygiene study in which repeated observations were made over time for the presence of dental plaque on teeth following two different treatments. Estimates of the amount of plaque (by how many thirds of total teeth surface area were affected using disclosing solution) were calculated using an index developed by Greene and Vermillion (1971).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantification of Self-Report Data From Two-Dimensional Body Diagrams

Voda¹,

Imle²,

Atwood³

1980

West J Nurs Res

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INTRODUCTIONA balance scale and a compensating polar planimeterwere assessed as to their precision in quantifying facsimiles of self-report data obtained on body diagrams. The need to develop ways to quantify body diagram self-report data came about as a result of on-going research on the menopausal hot flash, wherein subjects were asked to shade in areas on front and back body diagrams where they perceived the hot flash to originate and spread. To assess whether body diagrams were a reliable and valid research instrument for evaluating self-report phenomenon, two methods of quantification were tested: (1) weight measurements, using a balance scale, and (2) surface area measurements, using a planimeter. Methods of procedure for both are described in detail in this report.In the weight method, selected body parts were cut out from body diagrams and weighed on a balance scale. In the tracer method, surface area facsimiles of the same body parts were traced using a compensating polar planimeter. Accuracy of instruments was estimated as was precision and validity of the methods. Relative error for both weight and planimetry increased as size of body part to be traced or weighed decreased. Range of error was from 0.05 to 4.17% for weight (large to small part respectively); range of error for planimetry was 0.76 at UNIV OF PITTSBURGH on June 18, 2015 wjn.sagepub.com Downloaded from 708 to 38.9% for large to small body part traced. High,error in measuring small body parts was related to the sensitivity of both instruments. Suggested applications for weight and planimetry as methods to quantify other clinical phenomena are discussed as is terminology used to evaluate accuracy and precision when using bioinstrumentation. PURPOSEThe purpose of this paper is to describe how two instruments used in biological and physical sciences, (1) a balance scale and (2) a compensating polar planimeter, were tested for reliability and validity in quantifying subjective self-report data obtained through the use of body diagrams. The need to find ways to quantify self-report data using body diagrams came about as part of a study on the menopausal hot flash.' Subjects were given front and back body diagrams printed on a white piece of paper and were asked to shade in origin and spread of their hot flash(es). This paper reports on the assessment of reliability and validity of the two procedures, weight and planimetry, as methods to quantify self-report data using shaded in body diagrams. The methods of procedure followed are described in detail in the technical comments section so that the reader can either replicate the procedures or develop other ways in which the body diagram method might be used to quantify subjective or clinical phenomena. Self-Report DataThe acquisition and quantification of self-report data in nursing research has been done chiefly through the use of tools and methods developed by social scientists, such as interviews (structured and unstructured), questionnaires, scales, and the like. Self-report instruments and tec...

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“…There are about 10 sections on the lower jaw and 10 sections on the upper so to perform this activity a planned brushing regimen is required and a certain amount of time. In a study by Ariaudo et al (1971) it was found that people who spend 25 min/day on their oral hygiene had the healthiest mouths (De Walt 1975). Certainly twice per day would seem to be the minimal brushing needed and the largest part of the time is best before bedtime.…”

Section: Health Education For Children At Homementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As well as shining splints, assessment of gum and mouth health would be made according to the recommendations for evaluation ofthe mouth state by De Walt (1975) on a daily basis. In the scientific study conducted by the aforementioned researcher a very useful tool is used for the data collection.…”

Section: Evaluating Care Of the Mouthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If it is an historic relic from the days of the poor's house and poverty of patients unable to aflford costly bristle toothbrushes then it has more than outlived its usefulness. It has been shown that even the healthy edentulous mouth is better managed using a soft toothbrush for gums and spaces between gum and cheek than swabbing and mouthwashing as regular care (De Walt 1975).…”

Section: Seeking Knowledge To Improve Quality Ofcarementioning

confidence: 99%

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Nursology of mouth care: preventing, comforting and seeking activities related to mouth care

Speedie

1983

Journal of Advanced Nursing

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Mouth care across age groups, whether independently carried out or with assistance from a nurse, is frequently not considered in relation to the health of the mouth before commencement. This need for assessment and a schema as a baseline should dictate the most appropriate tools and the method of intervention. With a nursing model by Roper based on a model of living, nursing interventions are indicated across three age groups.

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Effect of Timed Hygienic Measures on Oral Mucosa in a Group of Elderly Subjects

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

A controlled trial to compare the ability of foam swabs and toothbrushes to remove dental plaque

A controlled trial to compare the ability of foam swabs and toothbrushes to remove dental plaque

Quantification of Self-Report Data From Two-Dimensional Body Diagrams

Nursology of mouth care: preventing, comforting and seeking activities related to mouth care

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