Effect of timing and concentration of rest breaking agents on budburst in ‘Bing’ sweet cherry under conditions of inadequate winter chilling in South Africa

Sheard, A.G.; Johnson, Steven D.; Cook, Nigel C.

doi:10.1080/02571862.2009.10639937

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…For instance, rest breaking agents can be applied to existing crops in areas where insufficient chill is expected (e.g. Petri et al 2008;Sheard et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of future warming on winter chilling in Australia

Darbyshire

Webb

Goodwin³

et al. 2012

Int J Biometeorol

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Increases in temperature as a result of anthropogenically generated greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are likely to impact key aspects of horticultural production. The potential effect of higher temperatures on fruit and nut trees' ability to break winter dormancy, which requires exposure to winter chilling temperatures, was considered. Three chill models (the 0-7.2°C, Modified Utah, and Dynamic models) were used to investigate changes in chill accumulation at 13 sites across Australia according to localised temperature change related to 1, 2 and 3°C increases in global average temperatures. This methodology avoids reliance on outcomes of future GHG emission pathways, which vary and are likely to change. Regional impacts and rates of decline in chilling differ among the chill models, with the 0-7.2°C model indicating the greatest reduction and the Dynamic model the slowest rate of decline. Elevated and high latitude eastern Australian sites were the least affected while the three more maritime, less elevated Western Australian locations were shown to bear the greatest impact from future warming.

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“…For instance, rest breaking agents can be applied to existing crops in areas where insufficient chill is expected (e.g. Petri et al 2008;Sheard et al 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of future warming on winter chilling in Australia

Darbyshire

Webb

Goodwin³

et al. 2012

Int J Biometeorol

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“…For instance, Manjimup is a mild location and does not currently cultivate high chill species so an inability to reach high chill requirements under future scenarios is of little consequence. However, for other locations such as Tatura and Yarra Valley where high chill species are grown this may become problematic and require management intervention such as the application of dormancy breaking chemicals (Petri et al 2008;Sheard et al 2009). These unevaluated scenarios have two contrasting implications.…”

Section: Sequential Chill-growth Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges in predicting climate change impacts on pome fruit phenology

Darbyshire

Webb

Goodwin³

et al. 2013

Int J Biometeorol

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Climate projection data were applied to two commonly used pome fruit flowering models to investigate potential differences in predicted full bloom timing. The two methods, fixed thermal time and sequential chill-growth, produced different results for seven apple and pear varieties at two Australian locations. The fixed thermal time model predicted incremental advancement of full bloom, while results were mixed from the sequential chill-growth model. To further investigate how the sequential chill-growth model reacts under climate perturbed conditions, four simulations were created to represent a wider range of species physiological requirements. These were applied to five Australian locations covering varied climates. Lengthening of the chill period and contraction of the growth period was common to most results. The relative dominance of the chill or growth component tended to predict whether full bloom advanced, remained similar or was delayed with climate warming. The simplistic structure of the fixed thermal time model and the exclusion of winter chill conditions in this method indicate it is unlikely to be suitable for projection analyses. The sequential chill-growth model includes greater complexity; however, reservations in using this model for impact analyses remain. The results demonstrate that appropriate representation of physiological processes is essential to adequately predict changes to full bloom under climate perturbed conditions with greater model development needed.

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“…To maximize the final percentage of budbreak, dormancy-breaking agents are often applied when plants accumulate a certain amount of winter chill (Erez, 1995;Sheard et al, 2009). Díaz et al (1987) measured floral budbreak in apple treated with 10% urea at different chill accumulation stages in the lowland of northwestern Mexico (lat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Foliar Application of Defoliants before Winter Chill Accumulation Advances Budbreak and Improves Fruit Earliness of Blackberry under Subtropical Climatic Conditions

Lin¹,

Agehara²

2021

horts

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In subtropical blackberry (Rubus L. subgenus Rubus Watson) production, inadequate winter chill causes poor and erratic budbreak, whereas high temperatures and heavy rainfall deteriorate late-season fruit quality. We examined the effects of four defoliants [zinc sulfate (ZS), potassium thiosulfate (KTS), urea, and lime sulfur (LS)] on defoliation, budbreak, yield, and fruit quality of ‘Natchez’ blackberry grown under inadequate chilling conditions in two consecutive growing seasons. Plants were treated with defoliants at 187 kg·ha−1 via spray application (1870 L·ha−1) at the beginning of chill accumulation (late December). A nonionic surfactant (Agri-Dex) was added at 0.5% (v/v) to all treatments including the water control. Cumulative chilling hours (<7.2 °C) at the experiment site were 209 and 134 in the first and second growing seasons, respectively. Defoliation was only 40.2% to 55.5% in the control, but it was induced moderately by LS (69.7% to 84.7%) and severely by the other defoliants (81.7% to 94.7%). Budbreak was induced most rapidly by urea application, followed by LS, KTS, and ZS, advancing by 17 to 66 days compared with the control. Consequently, urea, KTS, LS, and ZS increased early season yield by 2.79, 2.55, 0.87, and 0.31 t·ha−1, respectively, compared with the control (0.12 t·ha−1). By contrast, the final percentage of budbreak and total-season yield did not show significant treatment effects. KTS caused cane dieback and increased bud mortality, resulting in the lowest total-season yield among the treatments. Importantly, defoliants had no negative impact on berry size and soluble solids concentration. These results suggest that urea, LS, and ZS are effective bud dormancy-breaking agents for blackberry and that they could be an important adaptation tool for subtropical blackberry production. Among the three defoliants, urea appears to be the ideal chemical option because of its consistent efficacy, favorable safety profile, and low application cost.

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Effect of timing and concentration of rest breaking agents on budburst in ‘Bing’ sweet cherry under conditions of inadequate winter chilling in South Africa

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

Impact of future warming on winter chilling in Australia

Impact of future warming on winter chilling in Australia

Challenges in predicting climate change impacts on pome fruit phenology

Foliar Application of Defoliants before Winter Chill Accumulation Advances Budbreak and Improves Fruit Earliness of Blackberry under Subtropical Climatic Conditions

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