Effect of titania content and biomimetic coating on the mechanical properties of the Y-TZP/TiO 2 composite

Microstructure and flexural strength of the Y:TZP/BG composite

“…In fact, the literature shows that usually this material is sintered at temperatures above 1400°C. 13,27 The increase in the sintering temperature to 1300°C in the present study resulted in a significant increase in the density (5.96 g/ cm3) and relative density values (97.7 %) of the control group (Y:TZP) in relation to the values obtained at 1200°C. It is known that during the liquid phase, higher sintering temperatures result in greater attraction of the particles, which generates a greater dispersion of the liquid around the zirconia grains, leading to an increase in the densification.…”

“…The formation of these phases after addition of the bioactive glass is related to the fact that zirconia can form solid solutions with different chemical elements, such as yttrium, magnesium, cerium, and in the case of the present study, with calcium present in the composition of BG. 13,28,29 At high temperatures, the diffusion of the Ca 2+ ions from the bioactive glass towards the Y-TZP and the Zr 4+ ions towards the bioactive glass resulted in the formation of these new crystalline phases. Previous works that also sintered similar Y:TZP/BG composite at 1200°C and 1300°C identified a tendency of an increase of monoclinic zirconia as more glass is added in the composite, 21,22 which was observed through an enhance in the intensity of diffraction peaks related to the monoclinic phase.…”

“…8 However, it was clinically observed that oral rehabilitations made with titanium may compromise the final esthetic outcome due to the gray shade of the metallic material. [13][14][15] Bioactive glasses have the ability to bond chemically to the bone. Y:TZP implants are advantageous in this regard as they have a whitish coloration, facilitating oral treatments with high esthetic demand.…”

“…12 Hence, the addition of bioactive materials such as hydroxyapatite, titania, or bioactive glasses to a Y:TZP matrix represents a feasible alternative to provide bioactivity to this material and optimize osseointegration. [13][14][15] Bioactive glasses have the ability to bond chemically to the bone. When immersed in physiological solutions, these glasses are dissolved by ions exchange process in order to form a layer of amorphous calcium phosphate which will then crystallize to form a biologically active apatite layer.…”

Desenvolvimento de um compósito zircônia/vidro bioativo e estudo de filmes finos de sílica micro padronizada contendo nanohidroxiapatita aplicados sobre a zircônia

“…Um material bioinerte tem uma interação pobre com os tecidos vivos circunvizinhos e essa característica pode afetar negativamente o processo de osseointegração[28]. No entanto, existem muitos estudos e desenvolvimentos com propostas para resolver esse problema geralmente por meio de modificações superficiais da superfície do implante de zircônia, a fim de aumentar a integração com o osso[14][15][16]29]. de zircônia da fase cristalina tetragonal para a fase monoclínica.…”