Effect of titanium content on weld microstructure and mechanical properties of bainitic GMA welds

Seo, Jun Seok; Seo, Kangmyung; Kim, Hee Jin; Lee, Changhee

doi:10.1007/s40194-014-0168-1

Cited by 15 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This difference appears to be caused by the increased amount of (Mn,Ti)-spinel oxide and may explain why the 2Ti weld has a higher content of AF than the 1Ti weld ( Table 2). The inclusion characteristics of this weld have been reported previously, 14,15) thus this study simply reaffirms the previous results. The inclusions of this weld were composed mainly of two Ti-oxides having different Mn contents and Al-oxide along with a minimal amount of Mn-silicate.…”

Section: Inclusion Phases and Mdz Formationsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…These phases possessed different concentration of Mn, one of them being thought to be TiO. The present authors 14,15) also found such dual phase inclusions in the weld of 720 ppm Ti, but those phases were all identified as Ti 2 O 3 . In addition, these inclusions were characterized to be fully surrounded by a manganese-depleted zone (MDZ), which has been reported to be effective for AF nucleation in wrought steels.…”

Section: )supporting

confidence: 52%

“…To minimize the base metal dilution, the welds were prepared using a two-step welding technique, which has been described previously. 14,15) First, five-pass buttering was performed using the gas metal arc welding (GMAW) process to fill the 10-mm-deep groove using ER 100S-grade wire and an Ar + 20%CO 2 shielding gas. After buttering, a 5-mm-deep V-groove was machined at the center of the buttering weld metal.…”

Section: Weld Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Inclusions Formed in Ti-containing Steel Weld Metals

Seo

Kim

et al. 2015

ISIJ Int.

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Section: Inclusion Phases and Mdz Formationsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: )supporting

confidence: 52%

Section: Weld Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of Inclusions Formed in Ti-containing Steel Weld Metals

Seo

Kim

et al. 2015

ISIJ Int.

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“…Ito and Nakanishi 24) were the first to report the beneficial role of Ti addition for AF formation. Since then, numerous investigators 9,17,25,26) have observed that the AF content varies substantially with the Ti content of the welds. A series of systematic studies performed by Evans 17,25) with C-Mn steel welds demonstrated that even a impurity level of Ti addition on the order of several tens of ppm dramatically modified the as-deposited microstructure of C-Mn steel welds from 5% to 70% AF.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the above assumption, we proposed a method in this study to quantitatively evaluate the relative potency of inclusions and then determine the relationship between the nucleation potency and AF content in the welds. The bainitic welds previously studied 26,35) were selected to eliminate the potential formation of grain boundary ferrite (GBF). These welds were also confirmed to be similar in chemistry including oxygen content.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative Evaluation of Nucleation Potency of Ti-containing Inclusions for Acicular Ferrite

et al. 2019

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The nucleation potency of different types of inclusions for acicular ferrite (AF) plates was quantitatively evaluated for Ti-containing welds. The objective of this investigation was to determine the relative efficiency of AF nucleation among the inclusions and to understand the effect of nucleation potency on the AF content. A series of bead-in-groove welds having Ti concentrations in the range of 0.002 to 0.091 wt.% were used in this study. The nucleation event of the inclusions was examined using scanning electron microscopy for a large number of inclusions of various sizes. Then, the nucleation probability curves were constructed as a function of inclusion size for each weld. The experimental results demonstrated that the nucleation probability increased with the inclusion size for all welds. However, this size effect varied with the Ti content of the welds substantially. By employing two different parameters to represent the difference of nucleation potency in a quantitative manner, it was found that the Ti effect on AF content resulted from the corresponding change in nucleation potency.

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Review of Research on Titanium Oxides in Low‐Carbon Steel

Lei,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

steel research int.

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Titanium oxides, which act as nuclei for intragranular ferrite, are common inclusions in low carbon steel. The interlocking structure of intragranular ferrite greatly improves the mechanical properties of low carbon steel. To make the best use of this kind of oxide, we reviewed the types, sizes and distribution properties of effective titanium oxides that can promote intragranular ferrite nucleation. We summarized the control techniques of titanium oxides as follows: (1) Ti2O3 is one of the most effective of the common titanium oxides, followed by TiO and TiO2. The type of titanium oxide can be affected by controlling the Ti/O mass ratio in molten steel. (2) Titanium oxide with the size range of 0.4‐4 μm can effectively promote the nucleation of IGF or IAF, among them, titanium oxide about 1 μm is the most beneficial to IAF nucleation. (3) In order to obtain the titanium oxides with effective size, the precipitation of titanium oxides should be controlled during the solidification process, and this process can be achieved in the existing rapid solidification technology. Under the same conditions, the higher solidification rate can obtain finer titanium oxide.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Effect of titanium content on weld microstructure and mechanical properties of bainitic GMA welds

Cited by 15 publications

References 13 publications

Characterization of Inclusions Formed in Ti-containing Steel Weld Metals

Characterization of Inclusions Formed in Ti-containing Steel Weld Metals

Quantitative Evaluation of Nucleation Potency of Ti-containing Inclusions for Acicular Ferrite

Review of Research on Titanium Oxides in Low‐Carbon Steel

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