Effect of titanium surface on secretion of IL1β and TGFβ1 by mononuclear cells

Abstract

Mononuclear cells play an important role in the modulation of healing. The characteristics of implant surface topography may alter the production of signaling molecules such as cytokines. The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effects of commercially available titanium surface treatments on both cell viability and the secretion of the antagonist cytokines, IL1β and TGFβ1. Human mononuclear cells were cultured on 10 mm diameter commercially pure titanium (cpTi) disks that were prepared using a turning procedure (control=machined surface) and either acid etched or bio-anodized for 1-7 days. Adhered cells were investigated with respect to cell viability using an MTT assay, and cytokine production was verified using an ELISA assay. The results indicate that surface characteristics did not alter the cell viability at days 1 and 4, although the machined surface presented the highest absorbance values at day 7 (p = 0.0084). Cell viability was reduced throughout the time course for all analyzed surfaces (p < 0.05). On day 4, IL1β levels were significantly higher on bio-anodized compared to acid etched surfaces (p = 0.0097). TGFβ1 did not show differences among the surfaces at days 1 and 4. The responses of non-stimulated mononuclear cells to titanium surfaces suggest only modest effects of the surface treatment and roughness on pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL1β) release.

Macrophage polarization in response to wear particles in vitro

“…Use of a 5-day time course allowed for the detailed analysis of gene expression and cytokine release over time without the need for media changes or repeated treatment administrations. 49–52 The time course and concentrations of LPS and IL-4 used to induce M1 or M2 macrophage polarization were chosen according to previous studies. 22,32,53–59 Seven pretreatment and treatment groups were defined (Table 1).…”

Effect of a Porous Suture Containing Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 on Healing After Rotator Cuff Repair in a Rat Model

“…To confirm the capacity of the sustained release of TGF-b1 contained in the porous suture, we performed an in vitro experiment for sustained release in advance of the in vivo experiments. 9,20,21 The porous suture carrying 400 ng of TGF-b1 was incubated in 100 mL of deionized water at low temperature (4°C) for 3 days. The TGF-b1 dose of 400 ng/mL was determined on the basis of a study by Yoon et al, 34 who used 400 ng/mL of TGF-b1 incorporated in gelatin microparticles with bone morphogenetic protein 2 and demonstrated the promotion of bone defect healing via endochondral ossification.…”

Monitoring bone morphogenetic protein‐2 and ‐7, soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐κB ligand and osteoprotegerin levels in the peri‐implant sulcular fluid during the osseointegration of hydrophilic‐modified sandblasted acid‐etched and sandblasted acid‐etched surface dental implants

“…Irregularities and roughness of the dental implant surface have an effect on cell differentiation and secretion . These effects are mediated by “improved adsorption, configuration and bioactivity of proteins that mediate osteoblast adhesion” and upregulation of signaling cytokines, such as interleukin‐1β and transforming growth factor (TGF)β1 . Rough surfaces have been reported to increase the amount of implant‐to‐bone contact during the initial bone healing process compared to machined or polished titanium surfaces , which provide a firmer mechanical link , and enhance and accelerate the cell‐mediated osseointegration process .…”