Effect of Tomato Rootstock on Hybrid and Heirloom Tomato Performance in a Midwest High Tunnel Production System

Lang, K. M.; Nair, A. K.

doi:10.21273/hortsci13874-19

Cited by 15 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, Pearson correlation analysis revealed a lack of correlation between the lycopene content of disease-resistant and WT rootstocks for all three tomato varieties. This observation corresponds to previous studies that have shown that the lycopene content remained unchanged [ 33 , 43 ]. However, others have reported a decrease in lycopene content as a result of grafting [ 45 , 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Studies have shown that tomatoes contain many types of antioxidants, including lycopene, flavonoids, and hydroxycinnamic acids, as well as other phenols [ 48 , 49 , 50 ]. However, while heirloom tomatoes are popular among consumers, the varieties are often challenging to produce due to disease susceptibility and low yield [ 30 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 38 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While heirloom tomatoes are popular and there exists significant consumer demand, most cultivars exhibit low disease resistance and decreased productivity compared with commercial standards [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 ]. Soil cultivation is directly linked to plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi [ 36 , 37 ]; thus, hydroponic cultivation removes the influence of soil-borne disease from the production cycle and has been shown to reduce disease prevalence and increase yield [ 34 , 38 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Grafting Rootstock on the Antioxidant Capacity and Content of Heirloom Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Hydroponic Culture

Greathouse

Henning

Soendergaard

2021

Plants

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Heirloom tomato varieties are in demand by consumers due to high antioxidant levels. However, these varieties are difficult to produce and are prone to disease. To overcome these problems, heirloom tomatoes may be cultivated in hydroponic systems and grafted onto disease-resistant rootstocks. However, it is unknown if the antioxidant content and capacity are affected by grafting. In this study, heirloom (Black Krim and Green Zebra) and standard (Big Beef) varieties were grafted onto wild type (WT) or productive rootstocks (Arnold and Supernatural). The tomatoes were harvested at maturity, freeze-dried, and ground into a powder. Lycopene was extracted using hexane, and the content was determined spectrophotometrically at 503 nm. The antioxidant capacity of methanol extracts was evaluated by the 2,2′-azino-di[3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonsyr]sulphonic acid (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, whereas the phenolic content was determined using the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. Interestingly, the grafting of Big Beef and Green Zebra onto Supernatural rootstock resulted in an increased antioxidant capacity, as determined by the DPPH assay. Moreover, the phenolic content was changed for Big Beef grafted onto Arnold, and Big Beef and Green Zebra grafted onto Supernatural. Taken together, these results indicate that certain combinations of standard and heirloom tomato varieties and productive rootstocks may influence the antioxidant capacity and phenolic content. These results may be used to guide producers when choosing rootstocks for cultivating hydroponic tomatoes.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Grafting Rootstock on the Antioxidant Capacity and Content of Heirloom Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Hydroponic Culture

Greathouse

Henning

Soendergaard

2021

Plants

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“…PLANT MATERIAL, GRAFTING, AND HEALING. 'Cherokee Purple' (Johnny's Selected Seeds, Winslow, ME) was selected as the scion because it represents an heirloom tomato that is commonly used by small-scale growers (Lang and Nair, 2019). 'RST-04-106-T' (DP Seeds, Yuma, AZ), was selected as the rootstock because it had been used in prior research in combination with 'Cherokee Purple' (Lang and Nair, 2019).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2017) when the stem diameters were appropriate for splice grafting. Tomatoes were grafted using the splice grafting method (Lee et al, 2010), as previously outlined by Lang and Nair (2019). Grafting was completed within 4.5 and 3.5 h for repetitions 1 and 2, respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Healing Method for Grafted Tomato Transplants: The Effect of Light Exclusion and Substrate Temperature on Plant Survival and Growth

Lang

Nair

Litvin

2020

hortte

Self Cite

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The use of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) grafting is gaining traction across the United States, but small-scale growers face the challenge of creating optimum postgrafting healing conditions. The practice of blocking light for a period of 2 to 4 days while maintaining high humidity is commonly recommended for healing grafted tomato transplants; however, research is exploring alternatives to this practice. The present study investigated a low-input healing method for grafted tomato transplants with a specific focus on light and the use of propagation heat mats to regulate substrate and healing chamber air temperatures during the 7-day healing process. We hypothesized that 4 days of light exclusion and the use of propagation heat mats would improve grafted tomato transplant survival and growth. ‘Cherokee Purple’ was used as the scion and ‘RST-04-106-T’ was used as the rootstock. The whole plot factor was heat [propagation mats set at 80 °F (heat) or no propagation mat (no heat)] and the subplot factor was light exclusion (0, 4, or 6 days of dark). The highest survival rate among treatments was 97% in 0 days of dark with no heat treatment; survival decreased to 84% in 4 and 6 days of dark with no heat treatments. The plant survival rate was 96% with 0 days of dark and heat treatment; however, the survival rates were 63% and 45% for the 4- and 6-day dark treatments, respectively. The scion stem diameter was largest for transplants grown in 0 days of dark, but there was no difference in stem diameter due to heat treatments. There were no differences among scion or rootstock biomasses due to heat or light treatments. These results demonstrate that propagation mats set at 80 °F to regulate the substrate temperature were detrimental to grafted transplant survival under extended periods of light exclusion. However, this finding creates the basis to explore lower levels of substrate temperature modification. Our work also indicates that light exclusion may not be necessary for healing grafted tomato plants regardless of root-zone temperature treatments. Future work should examine the interactions of various substrate and air temperatures under full light conditions and their effects on grafted tomato transplant survival and growth. This work contributes to the ongoing research of how to optimize low-input healing methods that may be readily adopted by small-scale tomato growers.

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Nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in field‐grown heirloom tomato cultivar Brandywine

et al. 2023

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Heirloom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) are a high-value crop for organic vegetable growers. Tomato plants have a high N requirement and are adversely affected by insufficient, excessive, and poorly timed N fertilization. However, little information is available about N dynamics in heirloom tomato and whether their nutritional needs differ from those of hybrid fresh-market (HFM) tomato. The project's goals were to (a) develop seasonal N accumulation curves for the popular heirloom tomato cultivar Brandywine, (b) measure the N removed with the harvested fruits, and (c) determine whether N concentrations from recently matured leaves from adequately and underfertilized fields as well as N accumulation and partitioning fell within published thresholds for HFM tomato plants. We tracked the leaf N concentrations, growth, yields and N accumulation of organically grown Brandywine tomato in a 2-yr replicated field trial under low-and high-N availability treatments. We also collected leaf and fruit samples from fertilized and unfertilized plots on local commercial organic fields. Total N accumulation ranged between 25 to 45 g N per linear bed meter and did not differ with N treatment. The N removed with the harvested fruit averaged 1.14 kg Mg −1 fresh fruit across all sites and years and differed by site but not N fertility. On average, 70-80% of tomato N demand occurred between full bloom and early harvest. The observed N accumulation per unit yield, seasonal N accumulation pattern, and leaf sufficiency thresholds for Brandywine tomato were within the ranges published for HFM tomato varieties. INTRODUCTIONHeirloom tomato (Solanum lycopersicum, L.) can be one of the most profitable crops for California organic vegetable growers, but they also are expensive to grow and are subject to stringent aesthetic quality standards. Tomato yields and quality are known to be affected by the amount and timing of N fertilization (Scholberg, McNeal, Jones, et al.

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Effect of Tomato Rootstock on Hybrid and Heirloom Tomato Performance in a Midwest High Tunnel Production System

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

Effect of Grafting Rootstock on the Antioxidant Capacity and Content of Heirloom Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Hydroponic Culture

Effect of Grafting Rootstock on the Antioxidant Capacity and Content of Heirloom Tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L.) in Hydroponic Culture

An Alternative Healing Method for Grafted Tomato Transplants: The Effect of Light Exclusion and Substrate Temperature on Plant Survival and Growth

Nitrogen accumulation and partitioning in field‐grown heirloom tomato cultivar Brandywine

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