Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization after excimer laser keratectomy

Moreira, Luciane Bugmann; Lee, Ray F.; Oliveira, Clarissa de; LaBree, Laurie; McDonnell, Peter J.

doi:10.1016/s0886-3350(97)80241-6

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Mallari et al (11) reported an increased incidence of corneal perforation after topical ofloxacin treatment for microbial keratitis, and that the perforations were not associated with any particular microbial isolate. Moreira et al (12) examined the effects of commercially prepared topical fluoroquinolones on the healing rate of epithelial defects in the rabbit cornea after excimer laser keratectomy. Their data suggested that both ofloxacin and ciprofloxacin significantly delayed corneal wound healing in rabbits after laser keratectomy and that their healing rates did not differ.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ocular Toxicity of Topical Levofloxacin in Rabbit and Primate Models

Clark

Bezwada

Hosoi

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

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Levofloxacin, the L-isomer of ofloxacin and a potent quinolone with a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity, was evaluated in a series of toxicology studies including acute and chronic dosing in rabbits and primates with intact and injured eyes. No evidence of ocular toxicity was observed in rabbits with intact eyes that were topically instilled with levofloxacin ophthalmic solutions under various treatment regimens, including Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by University of California San Francisco on 03/31/15For personal use only. ORDER REPRINTSmultiple dosing (four to six times daily) for up to 26 weeks at levofloxacin concentrations from 0.3% to 3%. When rabbits were repetitively instilled (10 times at 30 minute intervals) with 0.3%, 1%, or 3% levofloxacin ophthalmic solutions over a single day, they exhibited no increase in ocular irritation scores, whereas dosing with 10% and 25% levofloxacin produced dose-dependent increases in ocular discharge, conjunctival injection and edema, corneal edema/fluorescein staining, iridic congestion, and behavioral abnormalities. Healing of 7.5 mm diameter epithelial wounds in rabbit eyes was not delayed by dosing four times daily (QID) with 0.5% or 1.5% levofloxacin in four different vehicles, with complete healing after 48 hours. The QID dosing with 3% or 6% levofloxacin retarded healing at 24 hours, but healing was complete in eyes treated with 3% levofloxacin by 72 hours after injury, and nearly complete in eyes treated with 6% levofloxacin by 96 hours. Using a similar model in primates, QID treatment with 1.5% levofloxacin produced no delay in healing of epithelial wounds or increased corneal thickness compared to glycerin vehicle, while QID treatment with 3% levofloxacin delayed healing at 24 and 48 hours after injury and increased corneal thickness for 11 days. Histological evaluation of the eyes confirmed that there was no detrimental effect to the corneal endothelium as a result of treatment with 1.5% levofloxacin. In conclusion, the results of these studies support the ocular safety of concentrations of levofloxacin up to 1.5% when administered topically to the intact or wounded eye.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ocular Toxicity of Topical Levofloxacin in Rabbit and Primate Models

Clark

Bezwada

Hosoi

et al. 2004

Journal of Toxicology: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology

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“…[15] However, several in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that both ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin eye drops significantly delay corneal wound healing. [7,8,16] In addition, ciprofloxacin hydrochloride 0.3% solution has demonstrated a tendency for precipitation with corneal crystal deposition, mainly in association with the pH dependent solubility of the eye drop formulation. [17,18] The above mentioned studies suggest that the current commercially available topical fluoroquinolone agents, and their accompanying preservatives, have cytotoxic effects on corneal cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in the cornea

et al. 2003

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“…It has been widely reported that use of topical antibiotics is likely to interfere with wound healing in the immediate postoperative period [8][9][10]. However, it is equally understood that the use of antibiotic prophylaxis is needed for the prevention of potentially visually devastating infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effects of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization in rabbit eyes

Moshirfar¹,

Chew²,

Werner³

et al. 2008

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol

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Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization after excimer laser keratectomy

Cited by 23 publications

References 15 publications

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ocular Toxicity of Topical Levofloxacin in Rabbit and Primate Models

Comprehensive Evaluation of Ocular Toxicity of Topical Levofloxacin in Rabbit and Primate Models

Effect of topical fluoroquinolones on the expression of matrix metalloproteinases in the cornea

Comparison of the effects of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones on corneal re-epithelialization in rabbit eyes

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